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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Libyan International Medical University Journal 2022; 07(01): 028-036
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1751258
Original Article

Doxycycline: An Antibiotic Attenuates Oxidant Stress, Perturbation of Lipid Metabolites, and Antioxidants against Vanadium Toxicity in Rat Hepatocytes

Ezeddin Salem Gassar
1   Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
,
Negia Abdullah Emtawel Mohamed
2   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
,
Fatema Abdullah Emtawel
3   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
,
Rehab M. Elfakhri
4   Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
,
Syed Saleem Haider 
2   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
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Abstract

Background The liver is target following exposure to pentavalent vanadium (V5+). Doxycycline is an antioxidant that prevents the progression of disease through inhibition of lipid peroxidation.

Aim The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of doxycycline against vanadium-induced hepatoxicity.

Methods Sixty two male Sprague-Dawley rats (250–300 g) were equally divided into the following four groups: control group (received 0.2 mL of physiological saline), doxycycline control group (received 4 mg/kg body weight on day 1 and 2 mg/kg body weight daily thereafter), vanadium group (received elemental vanadium 1.5 mg/kg-body weight in distilled water), and concomitantly treated group (doxycycline + vanadium) received (doxycycline 4 mg/kg body weight on day 1 and 2 mg/kg body weight thereafter + vanadium 1.5 mg/kg body weight), all given orally for 10 consecutive days. The rats were sacrificed by decapitation 24 hours after the last dose. The liver was removed rapidly and processed for the evaluation of metabolic variables: phospholipids, cholesterol, cerebrosides, gangliosides, reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamin C, calcium, acetylcholinesterase enzyme, and lipid peroxidation.

Results Vanadium administration significantly reduced (−60 g) the body weight and significantly increased (+28%) the relative liver weight compared with controls. The rats exhibited neurological function deficits. Vanadium administration decreased the concentrations of metabolic variables compared with controls, cerebrosides (−50%), cholesterol (−39%), phospholipids (−18%), GSH (−45%), and inhibited acetylcholinesterase enzyme (–48%). Gangliosides (+ 38%), vitamin C (+ 20%), and calcium (+ 80%) were increased together with an enhancement (+64%) in lipid peroxidation. The combined treatment (vanadium and doxycycline) significantly increased (+25 g) the body weight and relative liver weight of rat was significantly reduced (+5%) compared with vanadium administered group. The levels of metabolic variables were significantly reversed in this group in the following order: cholesterol (+17%), phospholipids (+7%), vitamin C (−14%), acetylcholinesterase enzyme activity (−27%) together with inhibition (−16%) of lipid peroxidation. All levels were (p < 0.05). Doxycycline presented no effect on the levels of GSH, cerebrosides, and gangliosides.

Conclusion Results of this study suggested vanadium-induced oxidation of lipids and sphingolipids in hepatocytes and much of GSH was consumed against high production of reactive oxygen species. Doxycycline protected against vanadium-induced oxidative damage that could be attributed to its free radical scavenging effects on membrane-bound lipids and acetylcholinesterase enzyme.

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Keywords

vanadium - doxycycline - lipid profiles - lipid peroxidation - glutathione - ascorbic acid - acetylcholinesterase

Limitation of This Study

While we were working in this project, our purchasing agents had difficulty in procuring diagnostic kits for antioxidant enzymes.




Publication History

Article published online:
02 August 2022

© 2022. Libyan International Medical University. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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