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CC BY 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2023; 17(02): 387-397
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1743155
Original Article

Impact of Guidance and Multitasking on Manual Dexterity Skills in Dentistry

Mohamed El-Kishawi 
1   College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
,
Khaled Khalaf 
1   College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
2   Institute of Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
,
Colin Murray
1   College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
,
Ruba Odeh 
3   College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
,
Tracey Winning
4   School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia
› Author Affiliations Funding This study was funded by the Australian Dental Research Foundation (grant ID: 9-2014); Australian Society of Endodontology (grant: ASE2014).
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Abstract

Objectives This study investigated the effect of learning by observation on the development of fine motor skills related to endodontic manual instrumentation. We evaluated if learning by observation with guidance had any influence upon operator performance under tense or taxing conditions.

Materials and Methods Dental students prepared standardized simulated root canals of varying morphology. Learning involved silent video with hand guidance (n = 23), audiovisual combined with oral instructions (n = 23), or silent video (n = 13). Undergraduates who previously completed conventional preclinical endodontics provided comparative data as a control group (n = 16). During investigations, a root canal of a lower molar plastic tooth was shaped, beginning with a primary task, and followed by multitasking conditions. The performance of the students was assessed by evaluating the accuracy of dental canal shaping and time taken to complete the task.

Statistical Analysis Differences were analyzed using ANOVA (p < 0.05).

Results Performance was similar during learning between the three experimental groups. Accuracy of the performance did not differ within each group for the two tests nor between the groups at each test (p > 0.05).

Conclusions These findings demonstrated that performance subsequent to learning by observation without instructions was comparable to learning with instructed observation. The results also identified that the performance of the experimental group (1.5- to 2-hour practice) was comparable with the conventional control group (15- to 20-hour practice). Alternative approaches to learning dexterity skills in dentistry may provide improved outcomes, especially in demanding situations.

Keywords

motor skills - manual dexterity - learning by guidance - simulation - dentistry


Publication History

Article published online:
18 April 2022

© 2022. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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