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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · J Lab Physicians 2022; 14(03): 265-270
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1742419
Original Article

Frequency and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Pathogens from Cases of Urinary Tract Infection: A Prospective Observational Study

Gautam Ram Choudhary
1   Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
,
Pritesh Jain 
1   Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
,
Himanshu Pandey
1   Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
,
Vijay Kumar Sarma Madduri
1   Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
,
Mahendra Singh
1   Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
,
Prateek Gupta
1   Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
,
Suresh Goyal
2   Department of Urology, Guru Gobind Medical College, Faridkot, Punjab, India
,
Vibhor Tak
3   Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
,
Vijaya Lakshmi Nag
3   Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
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Abstract

Objectives Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common diagnoses in patients visiting urology clinics. Rampant use of empiric and inadequate doses of antibiotics leads to an increase in resistance and poses a huge financial burden. We evaluated UTI in relation to antibiotics used, frequency, susceptibility, and resistance pattern of different pathogens at a tertiary care center and made some important observations.

Methods Prospectively 729 patients diagnosed with UTI attending a urology outpatient department from July 2018 to January 2020 were managed accordingly. Antibiotics were started on the basis of urine culture and sensitivity (c/s) or empirically and changed according to subsequent urine c/s. Repeat urine c/s was performed after 5 to 7 days of starting therapy and 10 days after completion of therapy.

Results Out of 729 subjects, 417 (57.2%) were males and 312 (42.8%) were females. The most common symptom at diagnosis was dysuria 512 (70.2%), whereas 221 (30.3%) patients presented with fever. Escherichia coli was the most common organism isolated, 453 (62.1%). Among 729 patients, 239 took antibiotics without c/s report, whereas in 490 patients antibiotics were prescribed after the report. A total of 431 (59.1%) patients required one antibiotic session for clearance of pathogen, whereas 135 (18.5%) required two sessions, and three sessions were required in 66 (9%) cases. Among 239 patients whose culture came out to be positive, 145 (60.6%) were found to be resistant to the previously given antibiotic and the common pathogens isolated were E. coli (61 [42%]), Pseudomonas (28 [19.3%]), Enterococcus (22 [15.1%]), Klebsiella (14 [9.6%]), and others.

Conclusion Unchecked, rampant, and inadequate use of antibiotics leads to complicated UTI with the increasing share of Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, or other dangerous microbes, which are difficult to treat as well as pose threat in the future.

Keywords

antibiotic resistance - antibiotics - urinary tract infection

This study was carried out at the Department of Urology and Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.




Publication History

Article published online:
09 February 2022

© 2022. The Indian Association of Laboratory Physicians. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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