Download PDF
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · J Lab Physicians 2022; 14(03): 351-354
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1742416
Case Report

Cystic Echinococcosis of Liver and Spleen Communicating to the Lung: A Rare Case

Jitu Mani Kalita
1   Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
,
Palanisamy Naveenraj
2   Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
,
Vidhi Jain
1   Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
,
Deepak Kumar
2   Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
,
Vibhor Tak
1   Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
,
Pawan Kumar Garg
3   Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
,
Vijaya Lakshmi Nag
1   Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
› Author Affiliations Funding None.
› Further Information
   Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

The annual cystic echinococcosis (CE) incidence in endemic countries is between 1 and 200 per 100,000 population. The clinical manifestations of CE are associated with damage or dysfunction of target organs and affect primarily the liver in around 70% of cases and lungs in around 20% of cases. The involvement of the spleen is rarely seen, representing 2 to 6% of all CE cases. We describe a 60-year-old female patient who presented with 15 days' history of intermittent fever and abdominal distension, having significant hepatosplenomegaly. CE was diagnosed involving the liver, spleen, and lungs and was confirmed radiologically and microbiologically. CE is caused by the larval or cystic stage of the zoonotic dog-tapeworm. Humans can be infected by ingestion of contaminated food or water. At present, there are nine species under the genus Echinococcus with E. granulosus sensu stricto having worldwide distribution, while the rest are focally distributed. CE involving multiple organs is rare. CE should be taken into consideration in patients with these symptoms in endemic areas.

Keywords

cystic echinococcosis - Echinococcus granulosus - albendazole - parasitic zoonosis


Publication History

Article published online:
15 February 2022

© 2022. The Indian Association of Laboratory Physicians. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
A-12, 2nd Floor, Sector 2, Noida-201301 UP, India

 

  • References

  • 1 McManus DP, Gray DJ, Zhang W, Yang Y. Diagnosis, treatment, and management of echinococcosis. BMJ 2012; 344: e3866
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Craig PS, Larrieu E. Control of cystic echinococcosis/hydatidosis: 1863-2002. Adv Parasitol 2006; 61: 443-508
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Craig PS, McManus DP, Lightowlers MW. et al. Prevention and control of cystic echinococcosis. Lancet Infect Dis 2007; 7 (06) 385-394
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Schweiger A, Ammann RW, Candinas D. et al. Human alveolar echinococcosis after fox population increase, Switzerland. Emerg Infect Dis 2007; 13 (06) 878-882
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Wen H, Vuitton L, Tuxun T. et al. Echinococcosis: advances in the 21st century. Clin Microbiol Rev 2019; 32 (02) e00075-e18
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Shah NJ, Vithalani NK, Chaudhary RK, Mohite PN. Disseminated peritoneal hydatidosis following blunt abdominal trauma: a case report. Cases Journal 2008; 1: 118 DOI: 10.1186/1757-1626-1-118.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Mamishi S, Sagheb S, Pourakbari B. Hydatid disease in Iranian children. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2007; 40 (05) 428-431
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Geller DA, Goss JA, Tsung A. Liver. In: Brunicardi FC, Andersen DK, Billiar TR. et al, eds. Schwartz's Principles of Surgery. 9th ed.. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2010: 1116
  • 9 McManus DP. Molecular discrimination of taeniid cestodes. Parasitol Int 2006; 55 (Suppl): S31-S37
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Alvarez Rojas CA, Romig T, Lightowlers MW. Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato genotypes infecting humans–review of current knowledge. Int J Parasitol 2014; 44 (01) 9-18
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Nakao M, Lavikainen A, Yanagida T, Ito A. Phylogenetic systematics of the genus Echinococcus (Cestoda: Taeniidae). Int J Parasitol 2013; 43 (12–13): 1017-1029
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Ionescu A, Jakab A, Jutis T, Forai F, Ota A. [Splenic hydatid cyst]. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 1990; 94 (3–4): 525-528
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Motie MR, Rezapanah A, Pezeshki Rad M, Razavian H, Azadmand A, Khajeh M. Primary localization of a hydatid cyst in the latissimus dorsi muscle: an unusual location. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2011; 12 (05) 401-403
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Malik AA, ul Bari S, Younis M, Wani KA, Rather AA. Primary splenic hydatidosis. Indian J Gastroenterol 2011; 30 (04) 175-177
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Karabicak I, Yurtseven I, Yuruker SS, Ozen N, Kesim M. Splenic hydatid cyst. Can J Surg 2009; 52 (05) E209-E210
    PubMedGoogle Scholar