Elektrochemotherapie – Möglichkeiten lokaler Tumorkontrolle

Zusammenfassung

Die Elektrochemotherapie (ECT) ist ein Verfahren, bei dem mittels kurzer elektrischer Pulse lokal eine Erhöhung der Zellmembranpermeabilität erzielt wird. Gleichzeitig applizierte Chemotherapeutika können so in Tumorzellen gelangen und dort ihre Wirkung entfalten. Die Methode ist einfach anzuwenden und Nebenwirkungen sind gering. Sie eignet sich zur Therapie kutaner und subkutaner Tumoren, die durch chirurgische oder andere Verfahren nicht oder nur schwer zu behandeln sind. Bei fortgeschrittenen Tumorerkrankungen kann so eine gute lokale Tumorkontrolle erreicht und die Lebensqualität der Betroffenen, die häufig unter Blutungen und Geruchsentwicklung der Metastasen leiden, verbessert werden. Bei alten und/oder multimorbiden Patienten ist die Therapie einfach durchzuführen und weitgehend schonend. Neuere Erkenntnisse über immunologische Effekte bei der Kombination aus ECT und Immuntherapien eröffnen möglicherweise neue Therapieoptionen für Patienten mit metastasiertem Melanom.

Abstract

Electrochemotherapy (ECT) allows the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents into tumors through electroporation. The method is easy to apply and side effects are mild. When surgical resection or other procedures are contraindicated or impossible to perform, ECT offers an alternate treatment option for cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases. By this means in patients with advanced disease local tumor control can be achieved. Also quality of life, which is often impaired due to bleeding and fetor, can be improved. Even elderly and patients with many concomitant illnesses can profit from ECT. Furthermore, insights on immunologic effects when ECT and immunotherapies are combined, offer new treatment options for patients with malignant melanoma in the future.

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