Horm Metab Res 2017; 49(09): 687-692
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-118707
Endocrine Care
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Effects of a Low-Calorie, Low-Carbohydrate Soy Containing Diet on Systemic Inflammation Among Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Parallel Randomized Clinical Trial

Ali Hashemi Kani
1   Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2   Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3   Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
,
Seyed Moayed Alavian
4   Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
,
Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
1   Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2   Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
5   Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
,
Peyman Adibi
6   Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
,
Fahimeh Haghighatdoost
1   Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2   Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
,
Leila Azadbakht
1   Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2   Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
7   Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
8   Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 31 August 2016

accepted 28 September 2016

Publication Date:
31 July 2017 (online)

Abstract

Few studies have focused on the effects of a soy containing diet on inflammation and serum leptin level among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Therefore, we aimed to determine the effects of such a diet in patients with NAFLD. Forty-five patients with NAFLD participated in this parallel randomized clinical trial for 8 weeks. Patients were randomly allocated to these 3 groups: 1) a low-calorie diet, 2) low-calorie low-carbohydrate diet, and 3) low-calorie low-carbohydrate soy containing diet. Low-calorie low-carbohydrate soy containing diet reduced fasting blood sugar (FBS) and serum insulin level significantly compared to other 2 groups (−11.6±2.8 vs. −6.3±1.7 and −3.1±1.0 mg/dl for FBS; and −5.1±1.2  vs. −1.2±0.3 and −1.7±0.5 mg/dl for serum insulin level). Serum hs-CRP level was also reduced significantly following low-calorie low-carbohydrate soy containing diet (−0.8±0.1 vs. −0.1±0.06 and −0.1±0.06 mg/dl). Both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were reduced significantly. Changes in leptin level tended to be different among 3 groups. After trial, 5 patients in each intervention group did not have NAFLD. From 6 patients in grade 2 at the beginning only 1 patient remained and others moved to grade 1. Low-calorie low-carbohydrate soy containing diet could reduce glycemic indices, hs CRP, systolic and diastolic blood pressure in a significant level in patients with NAFLD. However, these effects were dependent on baseline weight and further studies are needed to clarify the effect of such interventions in subjects with different BMI categories.

Supplementary Material

 
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