Anti-Respiratory Syncytial Virus Compounds from Two Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Nigerian Medicinal Plants

P. F. Uzor; D. C. Odimegwu; W. Ebrahim; P. O. Osadebe; N. J. Nwodo; F. B. C. Okoye; Z. Liu; P. Proksch

doi:10.1055/s-0042-111008

Drug Research, Table of Contents

Drug Res (Stuttg) 2016; 66(10): 527-531
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-111008

Original Article

Anti-Respiratory Syncytial Virus Compounds from Two Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Nigerian Medicinal Plants

P. F. Uzor

¹Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

,

D. C. Odimegwu

²Division of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

,

W. Ebrahim

³Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, Düsseldorf, Germany

⁴Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

,

P. O. Osadebe

¹Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

,

N. J. Nwodo

¹Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

,

F. B. C. Okoye

⁵Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

,

Z. Liu

³Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, Düsseldorf, Germany

,

P. Proksch

³Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, Düsseldorf, Germany

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is known to cause severe respiratory infections particularly in infants younger than 2 years of age. The only approved drug, ribavirin, is expensive and is not likely to improve therapeutic outcome, thereby necessitating the search for safer and more potent alternatives from natural sources such as endophytic fungi. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-RSV activity of compounds from endophytic fungi.

Methods: Two endophytic fungi Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Pestalotiopsis thea were isolated from the fresh leaves of the host Nigerian plants Anthocleista djalonensis and Fagara zanthoxyloides, respectively. After fermentation in solid rice media, C. gloeosporioides afforded 4 known compounds 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (1), vanillic acid (2), ferulic acid (3) and N_b-acetyltryptamine (4) while P. thea afforded 3 known compounds chloroisosulochrin (5), ficipyrone A (6) and pestheic acid (7). The compounds were investigated for their anti-RSV activity using the HEP-2 cell lines and ribavirin as the standard drug.

Results: Compound 5 was found to show the strongest inhibition of the RSV with IC₅₀ of 4.22±1.03 µM (ribavirin 4.91±1.85 µM). Other compounds showed moderate inhibition of the virus (IC₅₀ ranging from 45.00±0.98 to 259.23±2.36 µM).

Conclusion: The results of the present study have shown that chloroisosulochrin (5), isolated from an endophytic fungus P. thea, possesses strong activity against RSV.

Key words

chloroisosulochrin - colletotrichum gloeosporioides - endophytic fungi - ficipyrone A - pestalotiopsis thea - pestheic acid - respiratory syncytial virus

Full Text

References

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