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Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2016; 141(18): 1296-1303
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-110555
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Schwangere beim Internisten
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Diabetes in der Schwangerschaft

Typ-1- / Typ-2-Diabetes mellitus und Gestationsdiabetes mellitusDiabetes in Pregnancy – Type 1/Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Helmut Kleinwechter
1   diabetologikum kiel, Diabetes-Schwerpunktpraxis und Schulungszentrum
,
Norbert Demandt
1   diabetologikum kiel, Diabetes-Schwerpunktpraxis und Schulungszentrum
› Institutsangaben
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Publikationsverlauf

Publikationsdatum:
06. September 2016 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Bei 5,5% aller Geburten wird in Deutschland ein Diabetes registriert. Für den guten Ausgang einer Schwangerschaft bei Typ-1 und Typ-2 Diabetes sind Planung der Schwangerschaft, präkonzeptionelle Beratung, diabetologische Betreuung mit Optimierung der perikonzeptionellen Stopffwechseleinstellung und Folsäuresupplementierung vorrangig. Beim Gestationsdiabetes (GDM) kommt es auf rechtzeitige und leitliniengerechte Diagnostik und Therapie an. GDM wird in ca. 20% mit Insulin behandelt. In 1-2% der Fälle von GDM liegt eine Glukokinase-Genmutation vor (MODY 2). Schwangerschaften nach bariatrisch-metabolischer Chirurgie nehmen zu und haben hohe Risiken.

Abstract

In Germany in 5.5% of all births diabetes is registered. In patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes planning pregnancy, preconception counseling, diabetologic care with optimized periconceptional metabolic control and folic acid supplementation are essential for good pregnancy outcome. Gestational diabetes (GDM) should be diagnosed timely and managed according to existing guidelines. GDM is treated with insulin in approximately 20%. In 1-2% of GDM cases a glucokinase gene mutation is present (MODY 2). Pregnancies after bariatric-metabolic surgery are increasing and show high risks.

Schlüsselwörter

Schwangerschaft - Typ-1-Diabetes - Typ-2-Diabetes - Gestationsdiabetes - MODY

Keywords

pregnancy - type 1 diabetes - type 2 diabetes - gestational diabetes - MODY
 

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