Comparison of the Combined Effects of Hip and Knee Muscle Strengthening vs. Knee Muscle Strengthening Alone on Pain, Function and Gait Parameters in Knee Osteoarthritis

Abstract

Objective: This randomized controlled study aimed to find out the combined effects of hip and knee muscle strengthening vs. knee muscle strengthening alone on pain, function and gait in knee osteoarthritis.

Methods: Individuals with unilateral knee osteoarthritis (n=40; male, 18; female, 22) were randomized to participate hip and knee muscle strengthening exercise (n=20; mean age, 53.1 years) or knee muscle strengthening exercise (controls, n=20; mean age, 54.2 years). Participants were randomized to receive 18 sessions (45-min sessions a day/3 days/week for 6 weeks) of either hip and knee muscle strengthening exercises or knee muscle strengthening exercise alone. The numeric rating scale (NRS) and reduced Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) index were used to measure the pain intensity and knee function, respectively. Gait parameters were measured using the computer dynography (CDG).

Results: The hip and knee muscle strengthening exercise group has shown a significantly greater reduction of pain and improvement of knee function as compared to the knee muscle strengthening exercise group (p<0.05). Similarly, the hip and knee muscle strengthening exercise group has shown significant improvements in gait parameters as compared to the knee muscle strengthening exercise group (p<0.05).

Conclusion: This study concluded that the addition of hip muscle strengthening along with knee muscle strengthening reduces pain and improves function, and gait parameters in individuals with knee OA.

Zusammenfassung

Ziel: Ziel dieser randomisierten kontrollierten Studie war der Vergleich der Wirkung von kombinierten Muskelkräftigungsübungen für Hüfte und Knie mit Muskelkräftigungsübungen nur für das Knie auf Schmerz, Funktion und Gangbild bei Gonarthrose.

Methoden: Patienten mit unilateraler Gonarthrose (n=40; männlich: 18; weiblich: 22) wurden randomisiert in kombinierte Muskelkräftigungsübungen für Hüfte und Knie (n = 20; Durchschnittsalter: 53,1 Jahre) und Muskelkräftigungsübungen nur für das Knie (Kontrollen, n=20; Durchschnittsalter: 54,2 Jahre). Die Teilnehmer nahmen an 18 Übungseinheiten teil (eine 45-minütige Übungseinheit pro Tag an 3 Tagen pro Woche über einen Zeitraum von 6 Wochen); randomisiert in kombinierte Muskelkräftigungsübungen für Hüfte und Knie oder Muskelkräftigungsübungen nur für das Knie. Zur Beurteilung von Schmerzintensität und Kniefunktion wurden die Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) und der reduzierte Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) angewendet. Gangparameter wurden mittels Computer Dynographie (CDG) gemessen.

Ergebnisse: Die Patientengruppe mit kombinierten Muskelkräftigungsübungen für Hüfte und Knie zeigte eine signifikant größere Reduzierung von Schmerzen sowie eine Verbesserung der Kniefunktion als die Patientengruppe mit Muskelkräftigungsübungen nur für das Knie (p<0,05). Ebenso zeigte die Patientengruppe mit kombinierten Muskelkräftigungsübungen für Hüfte und Knie eine signifikante Verbesserung des Gangbilds im Vergleich zur Übungsgruppe mit Muskelkräftigungsübungen nur für das Knie (p<0,05).

Schlussfolgerung: Diese Studie lässt die Schlussfolgerung zu, dass zusätzliche Übungen zur Muskelkräftigung der Hüfte zusammen mit Muskelkräftigungsübungen für das Knie bei Patienten mit Gonarthrose Schmerzen reduziert, sowie die Funktion und das Gangbild verbessert.

Key words

rehabilitation - osteoarthritis - pain - function - gait - strength

Schlüsselwörter

Rehabilitation - Gonarthrose - Schmerz - Funktion - Gangbild - Kraft

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