Fast Abdominal Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Abstract

Abdominal imaging is the driving force that necessitates the development of numerous techniques for accelerated image acquisition in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Today, numerous techniques are available that enable rapid, high spatial resolution acquisition for both T1 and T2 weighted images. These techniques open new opportunities in the detection and classification of numerous pathologies in the abdomen. However, there is still ongoing progress in the development of fast and ultrafast sequences and promising techniques are currently close to clinical application. With these 4D-technologies, MRI is becoming the central imaging modality for dynamic, motion-compensated imaging of the parenchymal abdominal organs such as liver, pancreas and kidney.

Key points:

• Fast imaging techniques are especially valuable in the upper abdomen, as this region is particularly affected by respiratory motion.

• Parallel imaging and k-space-based acceleration techniques are the basic components of fast 3 D sequences.

• By further accelerating 3 D imaging with high spatial resolution, 4 D techniques become available.

Citation Format:

• Budjan J., Schoenberg S. O., Riffel P. Fast Abdominal Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2016; 188: 551 – 558

Zusammenfassung

Die abdominelle Bildgebung ist die treibende Kraft für zahlreiche Techniken und Entwicklungen, die über unterschiedliche Ansätze eine Beschleunigung der Bildakquisition in der Magnetresonanztomografie (MRT) bewirken. Heute stehen für T1- und T2-Kontrast zahlreiche Techniken für die schnelle, räumlich hochaufgelöste Bildaufnahme zur Verfügung. Durch sie eröffnen sich für die MRT neue Möglichkeiten in der Detektion und Klassifikation verschiedenster Pathologien. Gleichzeitig ist die Entwicklung dieser Techniken nicht abgeschlossen und vielversprechende Techniken stehen auch aktuell wieder kurz vor der breiten klinischen Anwendung. Durch diese 4D-Technologien positioniert sich die MRT als das zentrale Verfahren für die dynamische, bewegungskompensierte Bildgebung parenchymatöser Organe wie Leber, Pankreas und Niere.

Key words

abdominal magnetic resonance imaging - fast imaging - 4 D imaging - MRI sequence techniques

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