CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · J Pediatr Genet
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1742247
Case-Based Review

A Novel Mutation of ORNT1 Detected in a Hyperornithinemia–Hyperammonemia–Homocitrullinuria Syndrome Child by Clinical Whole-Exome Sequencing

Wison Laochareonsuk
1   Division of Biomedical Science and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
,
Seksit Osatakul
2   Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Division of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
,
Utcharee Intusoma
3   Pediatric Neurology Unit, Division of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
,
Wanwisa Maneechay
4   Translational Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
,
Surasak Sangkhathat
4   Translational Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
5   Division of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
› Author Affiliations
Funding None.

Abstract

Hyperornithinemia–hyperammonemia–homocitrullinuria (HHH) syndrome, an inborn error of metabolism, is an inherited syndrome caused by loss-of-function mutations in the SLC25A15, resulting in ornithine translocase1 (ORNT1) deficiency. Disrupted ornithine transportation in an affected individual usually manifests with the accumulation of intermediate metabolites, leading to neurological impairment, hepatitis, and/or protein intolerance at various ages of onset. In this paper, we report a compound heterozygous mutation in SLC25A15 from a 2-year-old girl who presented with neurological alterations and hepatic failure. Before developing neurological sequelae, she had signs of globally delayed development. The accumulation of toxic metabolites may explain these neurological consequences. After biochemical confirmation of HHH, whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed, which identified mutations at codons 21 and 179 of SLC25A15 that are predicted to result in the loss of function of ORNT1. Each of the mutations was found to be inherited from one of her parents. After therapy, her toxic metabolites decreased significantly. In conclusion, HHH syndrome frequently manifests with nonspecific symptoms and unapparent biochemical profiles, which may lead to delayed diagnosis. Correction of the accumulating metabolites is necessary to prevent irreversible neurological impairment. Furthermore, performing a WES provides a shortcut for accurate diagnosis.

Supplementary Material



Publication History

Received: 24 August 2021

Accepted: 21 December 2021

Article published online:
10 February 2022

© 2022. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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