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CC BY 4.0 · Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2022; 44(02): 091-099
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1741454
Original Article
Obstetrics

Estimate of Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity of Pregnant Women and Associated Factors

Estimativa da capacidade antioxidante total da dieta de gestantes e fatores associados
Mariana Rinaldi Carvalho 
1   Department of Social Medicine, Public Health Program, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
,
Lívia Castro Crivellenti 
1   Department of Social Medicine, Public Health Program, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
,
Daniela Saes Sartorelli 
2   Department of Social Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Abstract

Objective To investigate the dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) of pregnant women, and associated factors.

Methods Cross-sectional study conducted with 785 pregnant adult women attended in primary health care centers of Ribeirão Preto, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Two 24-hour dietary recalls were obtained, and the usual intake was estimated through the Multiple Source Method. The DTAC was estimated using the ferric reducing antioxidant power assay. The relationship between the higher DTAC estimate (≥ median of 4.3 mmol/day) and associated factors was investigated using adjusted logistic models with backward selection.

Results In total, 25% of the pregnant women were classified as overweight, and 32% as obese. The median (P25, P75) DTAC was 4.3 (3.3–5.6) mmol/day. Through adjusted logistic regression models with backward selection, a higher chance of DTAC estimates above the median among pregnant women aged ≥ 35 years old (2.01 [1.24–3.27]) was verified when compared with younger pregnant women. Women with prepregnancy overweight (0.63 [0.45–0.89]) and obesity (0.59 [0.40–0.88]) presented a lower chance of DTAC estimates above the median when compared with eutrophic pregnant women. A higher DTAC estimate was positively associated with the use of dietary supplements (1.39 [1.03–1.88]), and negatively associated with total dietary energy (0.59 [0.42–0.85]).

Conclusion The DTAC estimate over the median was associated with greater age, adequate body weight, use of dietary supplements, and lower energy intake.

Resumo

Objetivo Investigar a capacidade antioxidante total da dieta (CATd) de gestantes e os fatores associados.

Métodos Estudo transversal conduzido entre 785 gestantes adultas em acompanhamento de pré-natal em Unidades Básicas de Saúde de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil. Para a estimativa da dieta usual, 2 inquéritos recordatórios de 24 horas foram obtidos e ajustados empregando-se o Multiple Source Method. A CATd foi estimada com base no ensaio de potência de redução de ferro. Para investigar a relação entre a maior estimativa de CATd (≥ mediana de 4,3 mmol/dia) e os fatores associados, foram empregados modelos de regressão logística ajustados em função backward.

Resultados No total, 25% das gestantes foram classificadas com sobrepeso e 32% com obesidade. A mediana (P25; P75) da CATd foi de 4,3 (3,3–5,6) mmol/dia. Em modelos de regressão logística ajustados em função backward, verificou-se maior chance da estimativa da CATd acima da mediana entre gestantes com idade ≥ 35 anos (2,01 [1,24–3,27]), quando comparadas às gestantes de menor idade. Mulheres com sobrepeso (0,63 [0,45–0,89]) e obesidade (0,59 [0,40; 0,88]) no período pré-gestacional apresentaram menor chance da estimativa da CATd acima da mediana, quando comparadas às eutróficas. A estimativa da CATd foi positivamente associada ao uso de suplementos dietéticos (1,39 [1,03–1,88]) e negativamente associada à energia total da dieta (0,59 [0,42–0,85]).

Conclusão A estimativa da CATd acima da mediana foi positivamente associada à maior idade, eutrofia, ao uso de suplementos dietéticos e à menor ingestão energética.

Keywords

total antioxidant capacity - pregnant women - diet - antioxidants

Palavras-chave

capacidade antioxidante total - gestantes - dieta - antioxidantes

Contributions

Carvalho M. R., Crivellenti L. C. and Sartorelli D. S. contributed to the design and planning of the study. Data collection was performed by Crivellenti L. C. and Sartorelli D. S.. The analysis and interpretation of the data was performed by Carvalho M. R. and Sartorelli D. S.. The first version of the manuscript was written by Carvalho M. R. and was revised by Crivellenti L. C. and Sartorelli D. S.. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript and are responsible for the content of the article.




Publication History

Received: 22 February 2021

Accepted: 05 October 2021

Article published online:
25 February 2022

© 2022. Federação Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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