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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 26(04): e605-e614
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735130
Original Research

Salivary Cortisol and Sustained Auditory Attention in Children with and without Cleft Lip and Palate

Viviane Mendes Fernandes 
1   Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais, Bauru, São Paulo, Brasil
,
Maria Fernanda Capoani Garcia Mondelli 
2   Departament of Speech Therapy, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Universidade de São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brasil
,
Maria Renata José 
3   Programa de Pós-Graduação em Distúrbios da Comunicação, Universidade de Tuiuti do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
,
Márcia Ribeiro Gomide 
1   Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais, Bauru, São Paulo, Brasil
,
José Roberto Pereira Lauris 
2   Departament of Speech Therapy, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Universidade de São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brasil
,
Mariza Ribeiro Feniman 
2   Departament of Speech Therapy, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Universidade de São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brasil
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Abstract

Introduction Cortisol is a hormone involved in the response to stress. Attention is a function that can change due to exposure to stress.

Objectives To verify the correlation between the level of salivary cortisol and sustained auditory attention in children with cleft lip and palate, as well as to compare the results of the variables analyzed between female and male patients.

Methods In total, 103 children aged 6 to 11 years, were divided into 2 groups: those with cleft lip and palate (experimental group, EG; n = 69) and the control group (CG; n = 34). The Sustained Auditory Attention Ability Test (SAAAT) and salivary cortisol levels, measured by an enzyme immunoassay kit (Salimetrics, Stage College, PA, US), were calculated and compared regarding the two groups. The statistical tests used were the Mann-Whitney test and the Spearman correlation.

Results The median level of salivary cortisol was of 0.03615 µl/dL and 0.18000 µl/dL respectively for the EG and CG, with a significant difference between the groups (p = 0.000). Absence of statistical significance (total error score = 0.656; vigilance decrement = 0.051) was observed the for SAAAT among the EG (median total error score = 12.00; 25th percentile [25%] = 7.00; 75th percentile [75%] = 21.00; and vigilance decrement = 1.00; 25% = 0.00; 75% = 2.50) and the CG (median total error score = 12.00; 25% = 6.00; 75% = 24.00; and vigilance decrement = 0.00; 25% = -1.00; 75% = 2.00).

Conclusion All children had median levels of salivary cortisol and scores for sustained auditory attention within normal parameters. A significant correlation between the level of salivary cortisol and the ability to sustain auditory attention was observed in children without cleft lip and palate. There were no differences regarding the SAAAT and salivary cortisol between female and male patients.

Keywords

hydrocortisone - child - attention - cleft lip - cleft palate - cognitive hearing


Publication History

Received: 02 November 2020

Accepted: 07 April 2021

Article published online:
09 February 2022

© 2022. Fundação Otorrinolaringologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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