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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo) 2022; 57(03): 415-421
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1729933
Artigo Original

The Role of Tranexamic Acid in the Prevention and Management of Blood Loss in Total Joint Arthroplasty[*]

Article in several languages: português | English
Adarsh Thammaiah 
1   Departamento de Ortopedia, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, Índia
,
Siddalingamurthy Gajapurada 
1   Departamento de Ortopedia, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, Índia
,
Sanjana Nandakumar 
1   Departamento de Ortopedia, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, Índia
,
Purushotham Sastry 
1   Departamento de Ortopedia, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, Índia
,
Mruthyunjaya Mruthyunjaya 
1   Departamento de Ortopedia, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, Índia
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Abstract

Objective To collect data on the role played by tranexamic acid in the prevention and management of blood loss in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty.

Methods In the present prospective, comparative study, 30 patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) were randomly allocated into 1 of 2 groups with 15 patients each. Tranexamic acid was administered by intravenous and topical routes in the study group, but it was not administered in the control group. Preoperative blood parameters, intraoperative and postoperative blood loss, and need for blood transfusion were noted. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-squared test and the independent t-test.

Results The study group had statistically significant higher postoperative hemoglobin values (p = 0.03), less difference between pre and postoperative hemoglobin value (p = 0.046), less difference between pre and postoperative packed-cell volume (p = 0.06), less intraoperative measured blood loss (p = 0.015), and less volume of blood collected in the drain (p = 0.0291) compared with the control group. There was also reduced frequency of blood transfusions in the study group (p = 0.0008).

Conclusion Tranexamic acid is associated with reduced intra and postoperative blood loss and reduced frequency of blood transfusions in patients undergoing THA/TKA.

Keywords

blood loss, surgical - blood transfusion - arthroplasty, replacement, hip - knee - tranexamic acid

* Work developed at Department of Orthopaedics, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.




Publication History

Received: 13 June 2020

Accepted: 17 December 2020

Article published online:
25 October 2021

© 2021. Sociedade Brasileira de Ortopedia e Traumatologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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