PDF herunterladen
J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2022; 83(05): 461-469
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1729907
Original Article

Peripheral and Central Smell Regions in Migraine Patients using Maraş Powder (Smokeless Tobacco): A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evaluation

Adil Doğan
1   Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
,
Nuray Bayar Muluk 
2   ENT Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
,
Yılmaz Inanç
3   Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
› Institutsangaben
› Weitere Informationen
    Lizenzen und Reprints

Abstract

Objective In the present study, we investigated the efficacy of Maraş powder (smokeless tobacco) use on smell regions in migraine patients.

Methods The cranial magnetic resonance imaging images of 58 adult patients were included in this retrospective study. Thirty-eight of them were migraine patients (18 of them using Maraş powder and 20 of them not using Maraş powder) and 20 of them were healthy controls. Bilateral peripheral (olfactory bulb [OB] volume and olfactory sulcus depth) and central smell regions (insular gyrus area and corpus amygdala area) as well as nasal septal deviation were evaluated.

Results In migraine patients (using or not using Maraş powder), OB volumes, and in Maraş powder using migraine patients, corpus amygdala areas were lower than those in the control group (p < 0.05). In Maraş powder-using migraine patients, left insular gyrus areas of the females were significantly lower than the males (p < 0.05).

Conclusion We concluded that the peripheral smell region of the OB volume decreased in migraine patients (using or not using Maraş powder). However, the central smell region of corpus amygdala area decreased in Maraş powder using migraine patients. Maraş powder usage may increase vascular shrinkage, and the decrease in OB volume and corpus amygdala area becomes prominent. It can be said that Maraş powder usage may cause a size decrease in the peripheral and central smell regions in migraine patients. Therefore, migraine patients and non-migrainous people should be noticed for the harmful effects of Maraş powder on the vascular system and smell system in the aspects of OB volume and corpus amygdala area decrease.

Keywords

migraine - olfactory bulb (OB) volume - olfactory sulcus depth - insular gyrus area - corpus amygdala area - Maraş powder - smell

Authors' Contributions

Adil Doğan contributed to the planning, designing, data collection, and literature survey. Nuray Bayar Muluk contributed to the planning, designing, literature survey, statistical analysis, and writing. Yılmaz Inanç contributed to the planning, designing, data collection, and literature survey.


Note

No financial disclosures were made by the authors. This study is retrospective. Ethics committee approval was obtained from the Clinical Researches Ethics Committee of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University Faculty of Medicine (October 10, 2018, Number: 12). There was no need to take informed consent because the data were evaluated retrospectively. There are no funds for this article.




Publikationsverlauf

Eingereicht: 17. August 2020

Angenommen: 09. März 2021

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
17. Mai 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

  • References

  • 1 Ögel K. Uyuşturucu. Accessed December 31, 2018 (Turkish) at: http://www.uyusturucu.info.tr/maras_otu.asp
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Aral M, Aral İ, Ekerbiçer HÇ, Çelik M, Doğan SŞ, Ece-Pak Nİ. Investigation of the effects of lymphocyte sub-groups of the use of Maraş powder (Nicotiana rustica L.). Turk Hij Deney Biyol Derg 2013; 70: 21-26
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Dahlöf C, Linde M. One-year prevalence of migraine in Sweden: a population-based study in adults. Cephalalgia 2001; 21 (06) 664-671
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Rasmussen BK, Olesen J. Migraine with aura and migraine without aura: an epidemiological study. Cephalalgia 1992; 12 (04) 221-228 , discussion 186
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Sjöstrand C, Savic I, Laudon-Meyer E, Hillert L, Lodin K, Waldenlind E. Migraine and olfactory stimuli. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2010; 14 (03) 244-251
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS). The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (beta version). Cephalalgia 2013; 33: 629-808
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Doğan A, Bayar Muluk N, Şahan MH, Asal N, Inal M, Ergün U. Olfactory bulbus volume and olfactory sulcus depth in migraine patients: an MRI evaluation. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 275 (08) 2005-2011
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Duprez TP, Rombaux P. Imaging the olfactory tract (cranial nerve #1). Eur J Radiol 2010; 74 (02) 288-298
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Buschhüter D, Smitka M, Puschmann S. et al. Correlation between olfactory bulb volume and olfactory function. Neuroimage 2008; 42 (02) 498-502
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Hastings RS, Parsey RV, Oquendo MA, Arango V, Mann JJ. Volumetric analysis of the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus in major depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 2004; 29 (05) 952-959
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Rombaux P, Duprez T, Hummel T. Olfactory bulb volume in the clinical assessment of olfactory dysfunction. Rhinology 2009; 47 (01) 3-9
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Ozkul Y, Erenmemisoglu A, Cucer N, Menevse A, Saatci CA. Sister-chromatid exchange inducing effect of smokeless tobacco using on T-lymphocyte chromosomes. Mutat Res 1995; 334 (02) 209-212
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Erenmemisoglu A, Ustun H, Kartal M. Carcinoma of buccal mucosa in smokeless tobacco users: a preliminary study of the use of cytology for early detection. Cytopathology 1995; 6 (06) 403-408
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Sucakli MH, Ozkan F, Inci MF, Celik M, Keten HS, Bozoglan O. Effects of smokeless tobacco (Maras powder) use on carotid intima media thickness. Med Sci Monit 2013; 19: 859-864
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Kafas A. Analysis of factors affecting cigarette smoking and Maras powder use among adults in the urban area of Kahramanmaras [Master's Thesis]. Turkey: Institute of Science, Department of Agricultural Economics, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University; 2011. . Accessed September 13, 2013 at: tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/SearchTez
    Google Scholar
  • 16 Sucaklı MH, Özkan F, Çelik M, Keten HS. Maraş otu kullanımının karotis arter intima media kalınlığı üzerine etkileri (Effects of Maras powder use on carotis artery intima media thickness). 12th National Congress of Turkish Family Medicine, Kusadası, Turkey, on 15–19 May 2013. Page 139, presentation code: S-025. Accessed May 4, 2021 at: https://www.tahud.org.tr/product/12-ulusal-aile-hekimli%C4%9Fi-kongresi-konu%C5%9Fma-ve-bildiri-%C3%B6zetleri-kitab%C4%B1
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Mercado C, Jaimes EA. Cigarette smoking as a risk factor for atherosclerosis and renal disease: novel pathogenic insights. Curr Hypertens Rep 2007; 9 (01) 66-72
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Edvinsson ML, Andersson SE, Xu CB, Edvinsson L. Cigarette smoking leads to reduced relaxant responses of the cutaneous microcirculation. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2008; 4 (03) 699-704
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Guven A, Tolun F. Effects of smokeless tobacco “Maras powder” use on nitric oxide and cardiovascular risk parameters. Int J Med Sci 2012; 9 (09) 786-792
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Kilinc M, Okur E, Kurutas EB, Guler FI, Yildirim I. The effects of Maras powder (smokeless tobacco) on oxidative stress in users. Cell Biochem Funct 2004; 22 (04) 233-236
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Chattarji S, Tomar A, Suvrathan A, Ghosh S, Rahman MM. Neighborhood matters: divergent patterns of stress-induced plasticity across the brain. Nat Neurosci 2015; 18 (10) 1364-1375
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Liu HY, Chou KH, Lee PL. et al. Hippocampus and amygdala volume in relation to migraine frequency and prognosis. Cephalalgia 2017; 37 (14) 1329-1336
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Aktürk T, Tanık N, Serin Hİ, Saçmacı H, İnan LE. Olfactory bulb atrophy in migraine patients. Neurol Sci 2019; 40 (01) 127-132
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Thomann PA, Dos Santos V, Toro P, Schönknecht P, Essig M, Schröder J. Reduced olfactory bulb and tract volume in early Alzheimer's disease--a MRI study. Neurobiol Aging 2009; 30 (05) 838-841
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Li J, Gu CZ, Su JB. et al. Changes in olfactory bulb volume in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2016; 11 (02) e0149286
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Szabó N, Faragó P, Király A. et al. Evidence for plastic processes in migraine with aura: a diffusion weighted MRI study. Front Neuroanat 2018; 11: 138
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Li WL, Chu MW, Wu A, Suzuki Y, Imayoshi I, Komiyama T. Adult-born neurons facilitate olfactory bulb pattern separation during task engagement. eLife 2018; 7: 1-26
    PubMedGoogle Scholar