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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2021; 15(04): 653-659
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1727554
Original Article

The Effects of Rice Husk Liquid Smoke in Porphyromonas gingivalis-Induced Periodontitis

Theresia Indah Budhy
1   Department of Oral Pathology and Maxillofacial, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
,
Ira Arundina
2   Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
,
Meircurius Dwi Condro Surboyo 
3   Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
,
Anisa Nur Halimah
4   Master of Dental Science Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine. Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
› Author Affiliations Funding This study was funded by Ministry of Higher Education, Republic of Indonesia 2020 in the schema PENELITIAN DASAR UNGGULAN PERGURUAN TINGGI (PDUPT) (funding number 630/UN3.14/PT/2020).
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Abstract

Objectives The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of rice husk liquid smoke in Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced periodontitis in the inflammatory and proliferation marker such as nuclear factor kappa β (NF-kB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), collagen type 1 (COL-1) expression, and the number of macrophages, lymphocytes, and fibroblasts.

Materials and Methods Rice husk liquid smoke is obtained by the pyrolysis process. Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced periodontitis in 20 μL phosphate-buffered saline containing 1 × 109 CFU was injected into the lower anterior gingival sulcus of Wistar rats. The periodontitis was then treated with 20 μL/20 g body weight of rice husk liquid smoke once a day for 2 and 7 days, respectively. After treatment, the bone and lower anterior gingival sulcus were analyzed with immunohistochemistry and hematoxylin–eosin staining.

Results The treatment of periodontitis with rice husk liquid smoke showed a lower NF-kB, TNF-α, and IL-6 expression and a higher TGF-β, FGF2, and COL-1 expression than the control after treatment for 2 and 7 days (p < 0.05), respectively. The number of macrophages and fibroblasts was also higher when compared with the control group (p < 0.05), but the number of lymphocytes was lower than the control (p < 0.05).

Conclusion Rice husk liquid smoke showed its effects on Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced periodontitis with a decrease in inflammatory markers and an increase in proliferation markers. The development of a rice husk liquid smoke periodontitis treatment is promising.

Keywords

Porphyromonas gingivalis - periodontitis - liquid smoke - rice husk


Publication History

Article published online:
26 May 2021

© 2021. European Journal of Dentistry. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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