Download PDF
J Pediatr Genet 2022; 11(04): 272-278
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1725977
Original Article

Analyzing Inbreeding and Estimating Its Related Deficiencies in Northeastern Brazil

Cristian Rodrigues do Nascimento 
1   Medicine Collegiate, Federal University of San Francisco Valley, Paulo Afonso, Bahia, Brazil
,
Dyowani dos Santos Basílio
1   Medicine Collegiate, Federal University of San Francisco Valley, Paulo Afonso, Bahia, Brazil
,
Johnnatas Mikael Lopes
1   Medicine Collegiate, Federal University of San Francisco Valley, Paulo Afonso, Bahia, Brazil
,
Isaac Farias Cansanção 
1   Medicine Collegiate, Federal University of San Francisco Valley, Paulo Afonso, Bahia, Brazil
› Author Affiliations
› Further Information
    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

This cross-sectional study aimed to observe number of marriages between relatives in São Francisco Valley municipalities and correlations between degrees of kinship and susceptibility to genetic diseases. Three hundred and nine (309) consanguineous couples were interviewed in five municipalities. The data were analyzed using SPSS (version 22), Chi-square testing, and the generalized estimating equation (GEE). In Pariconha-AL for first cousins, the results revealed significantly higher numbers of disabled children than for third cousins (p < 0.05). Of these, the prevalence for physical disability was significant (χ2 = 19.203, df = 4, p = 0.001). In the cities of Glória-BA (χ2 = 11.652, df = 3, p = 0.020) and OlhoD'água do Casado-AL (χ2 = 8.123, df = 4, p = 0.044), physical disabilities were also significantly higher in children from unions of first-degree cousins than for other degrees of kinship. Visual impairment was more significant in first-degree cousins in Glória-BA (χ2 = 14.206, df = 3 p = 0.007); yet among third-degree cousins, visual impairment in the municipality of Santa Brígida-BA was more prevalent (χ2 = 6.416, df = 2 p = 0.040). Inbreeding, as revealed in the evaluated cities, reinforces the hypothesis for developing genetic diseases.

Keywords

disabled people - consanguinity - risk - community health agent - Northeast

Consent to Participate

Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study.


Supplementary Material



Publication History

Received: 28 October 2020

Accepted: 23 January 2021

Article published online:
01 April 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

  • References

  • 1 Bittles AH, Black ML. Evolution in health and medicine Sackler colloquium: consanguinity, human evolution, and complex diseases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107 (Suppl. 01) 1779-1786
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Freire-Maia N. Frequencies of consanguineous marriages in Brazilian populations. Am J Hum Genet 1952; 4 (03) 194-203
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Riaz HF, Mannan S, Malik S. Consanguinity and its socio-biological parameters in Rahim Yar Khan District, Southern Punjab, Pakistan. J Health Popul Nutr 2016; 35: 14
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Weller M, Tanieri M, Pereira JC, Almeida EdosS, Kok F, Santos S. Consanguineous unions and the burden of disability: a population-based study in communities of Northeastern Brazil. Am J Hum Biol 2012; 24 (06) 835-840
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Freire-Maia N. Inbreeding in Brazil. Am J Hum Genet 1957; 9 (04) 284-298
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Soares MT. Estimativa da consanguinidade e ocorrência de deficiências causadas por doenças genéticas em Municípios da Paraíba. Brasil: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso, Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Campina Grande, Paraíba; 2011
    Google Scholar
  • 7 Beiguelman B. Genética de Populações Humanas. Ribeirão Preto: SBG; 2008: 235
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Fareed M, Afzal M. Genetics of consanguinity and inbreeding in health and disease. Ann Hum Biol 2017; 44 (02) 99-107
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Zlotogora J, Shalev SA. The consequences of consanguinity on the rates of malformations and major medical conditions at birth and in early childhood in inbred populations. Am J Med Genet Part A 2010; 152A (08) 2023-2028
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Shieh JTC, Bittles AH, Hudgins L. Consanguinity and the risk of congenital heart disease. Am J Med Genet Part A 2012; 158A (05) 1236-1241
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Chinthapalli K. First cousin marriage can double risk of birth defects, finds study. BMJ 2013; 347: f4374
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Corry PC. Consanguinity and prevalence patterns of inherited disease in the UK Pakistani community. Hum Hered 2014; 77 (1-4): 207-216
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Shahri HMM, Esfehani RJ, Panah NY, Esfehani AJ. Consanguinity and isolated atrial septal defect in North East of Iran. Annals Saudi Med 2014; 34 (02) 147-152
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Bhatta DN, Haque A. Health problems, complex life, and consanguinity among ethnic minority Muslim women in Nepal. Ethn Health 2015; 20 (06) 633-649
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Majeed-Saidan MA, Ammari AN, Alhashem AM. et al. Effect of consanguinity on birth defects in Saudi women: results from a nested case-control study. Birth Defects Res Part A—Clin Mol Teratol 2015; 103: 100-104
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Kaplan S, Pinar G, Kaplan B. et al. The prevalence of consanguineous marriages and affecting factors in Turkey: a national survey. J Biosoc Sci 2016; 48 (05) 616-630
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Aloui M, Nasri K, Ben Jemaa N. et al. Congenital anomalies in Tunisia: frequency and risk factors. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2017; 46 (08) 651-655
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Freire-Maia N. Genetic effects in Brazilian populations due to consanguineous marriages. Am J Med Genet 1990; 35 (01) 115-117
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Yamamah G, Abdel-Raouf E, Talaat A, Saad-Hussein A, Hamamy H, Meguid NA. Prevalence of consanguineous marriages in South Sinai, Egypt. J Biosoc Sci 2013; 45 (01) 31-39
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 El-Kheshen G, Saadat M. Prevalence of consanguineous marriages among shi'a populations of Lebanon. J Biosoc Sci 2013; 45 (05) 675-682
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Saadat M, Tajbakhsh K. Prevalence of consanguineous marriages in west and south of Afghanistan. J Biosoc Sci 2013; 45 (06) 799-805
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Liascovich R, Rittler M, Castilla EE. Consanguinity in South America: demographic aspects. Hum Hered 2001; 51 (1-2): 27-34
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Islam MM. The practice of consanguineous marriage in Oman: prevalence, trends and determinants. J Biosoc Sci 2012; 44 (05) 571-594
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Saify K, Saadat M. Consanguineous marriages in Afghanistan. J Biosoc Sci 2012; 44 (01) 73-81
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Abdulrazzaq YM, Bener A, al-Gazali LI, al-Khayat AI, Micallef R, Gaber T. A study of possible deleterious effects of consanguinity. Clin Genet 1997; 51 (03) 167-173
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 El Mouzan MI, Al Salloum AA, Al Herbish AS, Qurachi MM, Al Omar AA. Consanguinity and major genetic disorders in Saudi children: a community-based cross-sectional study. Ann Saudi Med 2008; 28 (03) 169-173
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 dos Santos SC, Melo US, dos S LopesS, Weller M, Kok F. A endogamia explicaria a elevada prevalência de deficiências em populações do Nordeste brasileiro?. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 2013; 18 (04) 1141-1150
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Bener A, Dafeeah EE, Samson N. Does consanguinity increase the risk of schizophrenia? Study based on primary health care centre visits. Ment Health Fam Med 2012; 9 (04) 241-248
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Bener A, Abou-Saleh MT, Mohammad RM, Dafeeah EE, Ventriglio A, Bhugra D. Does consanguinity increase the risk of mental ilnesses? A population-based study. Int J Cult Ment Health 2016; b 9 (04) 172-181
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Lakhan R, Bipeta R, Yerramilli SSRR, Nahar VK. A family study of consanguinity in children with intellectual disabilities in Barwani, India. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2017; 8 (04) 551-555
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Al Khabori M, Patton MA. Consanguinity and deafness in Omani children. Int J Audiol 2008; 47 (01) 30-33
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Sattar MA, Sultana MT. Comparison of consanguinity between parents of hearing impaired and public school children with estimation of risk. Mymensingh Med J 2015; 24 (04) 743-749
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Bajaj Y, Sirimanna T, Albert DM. et al. Causes of deafness in British Bangladeshi children: a prevalence twice that of the UK population cannot be accounted for by consanguinity alone. Clin Otolaryngol 2009; 34 (02) 113-119
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Kemmanu V, Giliyar SK, Rao HL, Shetty BK, Kumaramanickavel G, McCarty CA. Consanguinity and its association with visual impairment in southern India: the Pavagada Pediatric Eye Disease Study 2. J Community Genet 2019; 10 (03) 345-350
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Nirmalan PK, Krishnaiah S, Nutheti R, Shamanna BR, Rao GN, Thomas R. Consanguinity and eye diseases with a potential genetic etiology. Data from a prevalence study in Andhra Pradesh, India. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2006; 13 (01) 7-13
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Kumaramanickavel G, Joseph B, Vidhya A, Arokiasamy T, Shridhara Shetty N. Consanguinity and ocular genetic diseases in South India: analysis of a five-year study. Community Genet 2002; 5 (03) 182-185
    PubMedGoogle Scholar