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DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1724068
The Effect of Stool Transplantation on Weight Control in Obese Rats
O efeito do transplante de fezes no controle de peso em ratos obesos
Abstract
Introduction Obesity is defined as a multifactorial metabolic syndrome in which there is an excessive number of fat cells within the tissues. It is discussed that intestinal microbiota might have a relevant relation with obesity, since it is relevantly altered in obese patients.
Objectives To assess the effect of stool transplantation (ST) in the condition of obesity and its outcomes in an experimental model of cafeteria diet by analyzing histology and weight gain.
Methods Forty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 5 groups: control (CO), control with antibiotics (CO + ATB), obesity (CAF + ATB), stool transplantation (ATB + ST) and obesity with stool transplantation (CAF + ATB + ST). During the experiment, obesity induction groups received cafeteria diet, whereas the remaining groups had normal diet ad libitum. After 3 months, daily ST was carried out for 8 weeks by gavage procedure. The animals were euthanized, and the small intestine was harvested for further analysis.
Results It was observed that before starting the ST, the cafeteria and normal diet groups had significant weight difference (p < 0,0001). In the comparison between CAF + ATB and CAF + ATB + ST during the gavage period, the CAF + ATB + ST group presented lower weight gain (p = 0.0017). The histopathological evaluation show that the ATB + ST group did not present intestinal crypt distortion.
Conclusion Cafeteria diet resulted in an expected weight gain. In relation to the ST, it has been shown that the procedure is effective in reducing weekly weight gain. Apparently, there was no induction of disabsortive syndrome in nonobese animals that received ST.
Resumo
Introdução A obesidade é definida como uma síndrome metabólica multifatorial, na qual existe um número excessivo de células de gordura nos tecidos. Discute-se que a microbiota intestinal pode estar relacionada com a obesidade, uma vez que ela é alterada de forma relevante em pacientes obesos.
Objetivos Avaliar o efeito do transplante de fezes (TF) na obesidade induzida por um modelo experimental de dieta de cafeteria.
Métodos Quarenta ratos Wistar foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em 5 grupos: controle (CO), controle com antibióticos (CO + ATB), obesidade (CAF + ATB), transplante de fezes (ATB + TF) e obesidade com transplante de fezes (CAF + ATB + TF). Durante o experimento, os grupos de indução de obesidade receberam dieta de cafeteria, enquanto os demais grupos tiveram dieta ad libitum normal. Após 3 meses, o TF diário foi realizado por 8 semanas por meio de gavagem intragástrica. Os animais foram sacrificados e o intestino delgado foi colhido para análise posterior.
Resultados Observou-se que antes de iniciar o TF, os grupos de dieta de cafeteria e dieta normocalórica apresentavam diferença significativa de peso (p < 0,0001). Ao comparar os grupos CAF + ATB e CAF + ATB + TF durante o período de gavagem, o grupo CAF + ATB + TF apresentou menor ganho de peso (p = 0,0017). A avaliação histopatológica mostra que nenhum dos animais do grupo TF + ATB apresentou distorções nas criptas intestinais.
Conclusão A dieta da cafeteria resultou em um ganho de peso esperado. Em relação ao TF, demonstrou-se que o procedimento é eficaz na redução do ganho de peso semanal. Aparentemente, não houve indução da síndrome disabsortiva em animais não obesos que receberam TF.
Publication History
Received: 07 August 2020
Accepted: 30 August 2020
Article published online:
19 March 2021
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