Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2016; 76(04): 403-407
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-110804
Original Article
GebFra Science
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

What Are the Risk Factors for Lymphocyst Formation Apart From Lymphnode Dissection and Lymphnode Count in Gynecologic Malignancy?

Was sind die Risikofaktoren der Lymphzystenbildung, abgesehen von der Lymphknotendissektion und der Lymphknotenanzahl in gynäkologischen Malignomen?
A. Sahbaz
1   Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zonguldak, Turkey
,
K. Gungorduk
2   Izmir Tepecik Research and Training Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Izmir, Turkey
,
V. Gulseren
3   Izmir Tepecik Research and Training Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Izmir, Turkey
,
I. A. Ozdemir
4   Bakirkoy Sadi Konuk Research and Training Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Istanbul, Turkey
,
M. Harma
5   Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology & Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zonguldak, Turkey
,
M. Harma
5   Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology & Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zonguldak, Turkey
,
M. Sancı
2   Izmir Tepecik Research and Training Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Izmir, Turkey
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 27 August 2015
revised 02 November 2015

accepted 01 December 2015

Publication Date:
26 April 2016 (online)

Abstract

Aim: Lymphocyst is one of the most common complications of lymphadenectomy and generally encountered during uro-gynecological oncology surgeries. We aimed to define the risk factors for formation of a lymphocyst in patients with various gynecological cancer types in whom a lymphadenectomy was performed. Methods: This retrospective study was performed on 206 patients. Of the 206 patients, 100 were diagnosed with a lymphocyst, and 106 were assigned to a control group. Laboratory findings and surgical characteristics of the patients were compared. Results: No differences were observed in age, pre-operative hemoglobin; platelet, white blood cell, and lymphocyte counts; or pre-operative albumin level (p = 0.315, 0.500, 0.525, 0.683, 0.740, and 0.97, respectively). A significant effect of the heparin dose × heparin days interaction and lymphocyst formation was observed (p = 0.002). Lymphocysts were most frequently detected in the ovarian cancer subgroup (49 %). Significant differences were detected between the groups in the percentages of patients who underwent CT only and RT only treatments (p = 0.001 and 0.002, respectively). The logistic regression analysis revealed a relationship between the LMWH dose × days interaction and formation of a lymphocyst (OR, 1.10; 95 % CI, 1.0–1.13; p = 0.01). Conclusion: The association between total LMWH dose administered and the formation of lymphocysts in patients with gynecological pelvic cancer was investigated for the first time. Significant relationship between heparin dose × days and lymphocyst formation was found. Although anticoagulation with LMWH is essential for preventing thromboembolism, it should be used appropriately to prevent other complications, such as bleeding and lymphocysts.

Zusammenfassung

Ziel: Die Lymphzystenbildung ist eine der häufigsten Komplikationen nach einer Lymphadenektomie. Oft tritt sie im Rahmen von urogynäkologischen onkologischen Operationen auf. Ziel dieser Studie ist es, die Risikofaktoren für die Lymphzystenbildung bei Patientinnen mit verschiedenen gynäkologischen Karzinomtypen und durchgeführter Lymphadenektomie zu bestimmen. Methoden: In die retrospektive Studie wurden 206 Patientinnen eingeschlossen. Bei 100 Patientinnen wurden Lymphzysten diagnostiziert, die übrigen 106 Patientinnen wurden der Kontrollgruppe zugeordnet. Laborbefunde und chirurgische Charakteristika beider Gruppen wurden verglichen. Ergebnisse: Es wurden keine Unterschiede hinsichtlich des Alters, des präoperativen Hämoglobinwerts, der Thrombozyten-, Leukozyten- und Lymphozytenzahl oder des präoperativen Serum-Albumin-Werts festgestellt (p = 0,315, 0,500, 0,525, 0,683, 0,740 bzw. 0,97). Allerdings konnte ein signifikanter Effekt der Heparin-Dosis × Applikationsdauer auf die Lymphzystenbildung beobachtet werden (p = 0,002). Am häufigsten traten Lymphzysten bei Patientinnen mit Ovarialkarzinom auf (49 %). Signifikante Unterschiede zwischen den Gruppen wurden auch hinsichtlich des prozentualen Anteils der Patientinnen beobachtet, die nur eine Chemotherapie oder nur eine Radiotherapie erhalten hatten (p = 0,001 bzw. 0,002). Die logistische Regressionsanalyse ergab eine Beziehung zwischen der LMWH-Dosis × Anwendungsdauer und der Lymphzystenbildung (OR, 1,10; 95 %-Kl 1,0–1,13; p = 0,01). Folgerung: Zum ersten Mal wurde der Zusammenhang zwischen der verabreichten LMWH-Dosis und der Bildung von Lymphzysten bei Patientinnen mit gynäkologischen Malignomen untersucht. Es wurde ein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen der Heparin Dosis × Anwendungsdauer und der Lymphzystenbildung gefunden werden. Die Gabe von LMWH zur Antikoagulation ist zwar essenziell für die Prävention von Thromboembolien, sollte aber mit Vorsicht eingesetzt werden, um andere Komplikationen wie z. B. Blutungen und Lymphzystenbildung zu vermeiden.

 
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