Download PDF
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Indian J Plast Surg 2020; 53(03): 387-393
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1719238
Original Article

Burnout among Plastic Surgery Residents in India: An Observational Study

Nikhil Panse
1   Department of Plastic Surgery, B. J. Government Medical College & Sassoon Hospital, Pune, India
,
Smita Panse
2   Department of Psychiatry, PCMC’s Post Graduate Institute & YCM Hospital, Pimpri, Pune, India
,
Swaminathan Ravi
1   Department of Plastic Surgery, B. J. Government Medical College & Sassoon Hospital, Pune, India
,
Hemant Mankar
1   Department of Plastic Surgery, B. J. Government Medical College & Sassoon Hospital, Pune, India
,
Ankur Karanjkar
1   Department of Plastic Surgery, B. J. Government Medical College & Sassoon Hospital, Pune, India
,
Parag Sahasrabudhe
1   Department of Plastic Surgery, B. J. Government Medical College & Sassoon Hospital, Pune, India
› Author Affiliations
› Further Information
Also available at
   Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Introduction Burnout syndrome can be defined as emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and perceived lack of personal accomplishment, all of which lead to decreased effectiveness at work. The Medscape burnout and depression report of 2018 suggests that the burnout range across various specialties ranges from 23 to 48%. There are no studies to assess the burnout among plastic surgery residents in India. This study is an attempt to assess the same.

Materials and Methods An online survey was conducted in March and April 2019 for plastic surgery residents across India. Various parameters including those related to gender, year of the curriculum, hobbies, exercise, and marital status were assessed. There were multiple sections in the survey, which included the demographic details, stress-related variables, and the abbreviated Maslach Burnout Inventory. The abbreviated Maslach Burnout Inventory is a validated scale that has been used to assess the burnout among plastic surgery residents in India. The three subscales, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment were measured on a Likert scale. Univariable and multivariable analysis of factors associated with burnout was performed.

Results Of the 185 respondents, 48.4% experienced moderate-to-high burnout. Of these, 25% (n = 46) were above the 75th centile of the overall burnout score, indicating severe burnout. Insufficient faculty involvement, insufficient time allotted for formalized teaching, conflict with colleagues, and lack of adequate support staff correlated with resident burnout on multivariate analysis. Residents who pursued their hobbies or performed physical activities for exercise had significantly lesser burnout.

Conclusion The incidence of burnout in plastic surgery residents surveyed in our study was 48.4%. The faculty of the departments and the residents themselves, as well as the governing bodies, all have a role to play to address the issue of burnout among residents. Dedicated and persistent efforts toward improving physical and psychological well-being of plastic surgery residents will positively impact not only the well-being of the residents but also the quality of patient care.

Keywords

burnout - professional burnout - workplace stress - occupational burnout - plastic surgery


Publication History

Article published online:
24 November 2020

© 2020. Association of Plastic Surgeons of India. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
A-12, 2nd Floor, Sector 2, Noida-201301 UP, India

 

  • References

  • 1 Maslach C, Jackson SQ, Leiter MP. Maslach Burnout Inventory. 3rd ed. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press; 1996
    Google Scholar
  • 2 Stehman CR, Testo Z, Gershaw RS, Kellogg AR. Burnout, drop out, suicide: physician loss in emergency medicine, part I. West J Emerg Med 2019; 20 (03) 485-494
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Green A, Duthie HL, Young HL, Peters TJ. Stress in surgeons. Br J Surg 1990; 77 (10) 1154-1158
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Medscape National Physician Burnout & Depression Report. Available at: https://www.staging.medscape.com/slideshow/2018-lifestyle-burnout-depression-6009235. Accessed January 18, 2018
  • 5 Shanafelt TD, Balch CM, Bechamps GJ. et al. Burnout and career satisfaction among American surgeons. Ann Surg 2009; 250 (03) 463-471
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Shanafelt TD, Balch CM, Bechamps G. et al. Burnout and medical errors among American surgeons. Ann Surg 2010; 251 (06) 995-1000
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Chaput B, Bertheuil N, Jacques J. et al. Professional burnout among plastic surgery residents: can it be prevented? Outcomes of a national survey. Ann Plast Surg 2015; 75 (01) 2-8
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Ribeiro RVE, Martuscelli OJD, Vieira AC, Vieira CF. Prevalence of burnout among plastic surgeons and residents in plastic surgery: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2018; 6 (08) e1854
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Aldrees T, Hassouneh B, Alabdulkarim A. et al. Burnout among plastic surgery residents. National survey in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J 2017; 38 (08) 832-836
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Shanafelt TD, Balch CM, Dyrbye L. et al. Special report: suicidal ideation among American surgeons. Arch Surg 2011; 146 (01) 54-62
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Riley MR, Mohr DC, Waddimba AC. The reliability and validity of three-item screening measures for burnout: evidence from group-employed health care practitioners in upstate New York. Stress Health 2018; 34 (01) 187-193
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Shaikh AA, Shaikh A, Kumar R, Tahir A. Assessment of burnout and its factors among doctors using the abbreviated Maslach burnout inventory. Cureus 2019; 11 (02) e4101
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Upton D, Mason V, Doran B, Solowiej K, Shiralkar U, Shiralkar S. The experience of burnout across different surgical specialties in the United Kingdom: a cross-sectional survey. Surgery 2012; 151 (04) 493-501
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Campbell Jr DA, Sonnad SS, Eckhauser FE, Campbell KK, Greenfield LJ. Burnout among American surgeons. Surgery 2001; 130 (04) 696-702, discussion 702–705
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Golub JS, Johns III MM, Weiss PS, Ramesh AK, Ossoff RH. Burnout in academic faculty of otolaryngology-head and neck surgery. Laryngoscope 2008; 118 (11) 1951-1956
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Qureshi HA, Rawlani R, Mioton LM, Dumanian GA, Kim JYS, Rawlani V. Burnout phenomenon in U.S. plastic surgeons: risk factors and impact on quality of life. Plast Reconstr Surg 2015; 135 (02) 619-626
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Balch CM, Freischlag JA, Shanafelt TD. Stress and burnout among surgeons: understanding and managing the syndrome and avoiding the adverse consequences. Arch Surg 2009; 144 (04) 371-376
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Shanafelt T. A career in surgical oncology: finding meaning, balance, and personal satisfaction. Ann Surg Oncol 2008; 15 (02) 400-406
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Gabbard GO. The role of compulsiveness in the normal physician. JAMA 1985; 254 (20) 2926-2929
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Toker S, Biron M. Job burnout and depression: unraveling their temporal relationship and considering the role of physical activity. J Appl Psychol 2012; 97 (03) 699-710
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Haik J, Brown S, Liran A. et al. Burnout and compassion fatigue: prevalence and associations among Israeli burn clinicians. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2017; 13: 1533-1540
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Balch CM, Shanafelt TD, Sloan JA, Satele DV, Freischlag JA. Distress and career satisfaction among 14 surgical specialties, comparing academic and private practice settings. Ann Surg 2011; 254 (04) 558-568
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Streu R, Hansen J, Abrahamse P, Alderman AK. Professional burnout among US plastic surgeons: results of a national survey. Ann Plast Surg 2014; 72 (03) 346-350
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Dyrbye LN, Shanafelt TD, Balch CM, Satele D, Sloan J, Freischlag J. Relationship between work-home conflicts and burnout among American surgeons: a comparison by sex. Arch Surg 2011; 146 (02) 211-217
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 American society of Plastic surgeons wellness resources. Available at: https://www.plasticsurgery.org/for-medical-professionals/resources/wellness-resources. Accessed June 21, 2020
  • 26 Doctors 4 doctors initiative by the IMA. Available at: https://medicaldialogues.in/doctors-4-doctors-ima-launches-initiative-to-address-mental-health-issues-reduce-suicide-incidents#:~:text=New%20Delhi%3A%20The%20Indian%20Medical,suicide%20among%20residents%20and%20clinicians. Accessed June 21, 2020