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CC BY 4.0 · Indian Journal of Neurotrauma 2023; 20(01): 011-017
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1718780
Original Article

Epidemiology and Treatment Outcomes of Head Injury in Bangladesh: Perspective from the Largest Tertiary Care Hospital

Sukriti Das
1   Department of Neurosurgery, Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
,
Bipin Chaurasia
2   Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Clinic, Birgunj, Nepal,
,
Dipankar Ghosh
1   Department of Neurosurgery, Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
,
Asit Chandra Sarker
1   Department of Neurosurgery, Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Abstract

Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Economic impact is much worse in developing countries like Bangladesh, as victims are frequently male, productive, and breadwinners of the families.

Objectives The objective of our study was to highlight the etiological pattern and distribution of varieties of head injuries in Bangladesh and give recommendations regarding how this problem can be solved or reduce to some extent at least.

Methods From January 2017 to December 2019, a total of 14,552 patients presenting with head injury at emergency got admitted in Neurosurgery department of Dhaka Medical College and Hospital and were included in this study.

Results The most common age group was 21 to 30 years (36%: 5,239) with a male-to-female ratio of 2.6:1. Injury was mostly caused by road traffic accident (RTA [58.3%: 8,484]), followed by fall (25%: 3,638) and history of assault (15.3%: 2,226). The common varieties of head injury were: acute extradural hematoma (AEDH [42.30%: 1,987]), skull fracture either linear or depressed (28.86%: 1,347), acute subdural hematoma (ASDH [12.30%: 574]), brain contusion (10.2%: 476), and others (6.04%: 282).

Conclusion RTA is the commonest cause of TBI, and among them motor bike accident is the severe most form of TBI. AEDH is the commonest variety of head injuries. Proper steps taken by the Government, vehicle owners, and drivers, and proper referral system and prompt management in the hospital can reduce the mortality and morbidity from TBI in Bangladesh.

Keywords

traumatic brain injury - RTA - ASDH - AEDH - GOS - contusion - DC


Publication History

Article published online:
23 February 2021

© 2021. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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