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DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1718457
Abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico de las fracturas agudas de escafoides
Article in several languages: English | español
Resumen
El escafoides es el hueso del carpo que con mayor frecuencia se fractura; comprende hasta el 70% de las fracturas carpianas, y el 11% de las de la mano. Estas fracturas constituyen las segundas en frecuencia de todo el miembro superior, sólo superadas por las fracturas de la extremidad distal del radio. A pesar de ser tan frecuentes, pueden ser difíciles de diagnosticar y de tratar debido a las particularidades anatómicas y fisiológicas del hueso, incluyendo su precaria vascularización, su compleja estructura tridimensional, y sus conexiones ligamentosas, que contribuyen al riesgo de complicaciones como la unión en mala posición, la pseudoartrosis, y la necrosis avascular. Aunque existan numerosos estudios publicados sobre el tratamiento de estas lesiones, aún existe controversia sobre cuál es el más adecuado para determinados tipos de fractura. En este artículo se hace una revisión completa y actualizada de la literatura. Combinando estrategias de diagnóstico clínico y radiológico, se propone un algoritmo completo para el diagnóstico de las fracturas de escafoides en función de la distinta disponibilidad de medios, y se expone el abordaje terapéutico más apropiado para los distintos tipos de fracturas agudas de este hueso.
Palabras clave
fractura de escafoides - carpo - muñeca - escafoides - fracturas del carpo - fracturas carpianasPublication History
Received: 01 April 2020
Accepted: 27 July 2020
Article published online:
24 November 2020
© 2020. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
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