CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Indian Journal of Neurotrauma 2022; 19(02): 089-099
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1717219
Original Article

Retrospective Analytic Study of Neurosurgical Patients Who Developed Postoperative Hydrocephalus

Ramesh Chandra Venkata Vemula
1   Department of Neurosurgery, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences (SVIMS), Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
,
B. C.M. Prasad
1   Department of Neurosurgery, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences (SVIMS), Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
,
Kunal Kumar
1   Department of Neurosurgery, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences (SVIMS), Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Objective This article discusses the causes, primary pathologies, management, and prognosis of patients who did not have hydrocephalus in preoperative stage, underwent definitive surgical procedure, and developed postoperative hydrocephalus requiring cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion procedures.

Methods Retrospective data collection was done from operation theatre (OT) department database and patient records were obtained for the patients after, related literature was searched, all possible risk factors were analyzed, and our results were compared with other studies.

Results A total of 80 cases were found eligible for the study. Decompressive craniectomy was the most common cause followed by aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), intraventricular, and cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumors. Rate of postsurgical hydrocephalus was 15 to 16%. Cases of decompressive craniectomy presented late, only few cases required diversion procedures during the immediate postop period, mostly aneurysm cases and tumors bed bleed. Out of total 6 mortalities, none of them were directly attributable to hydrocephalus. Since most patient presented after initial stabilization, permanent ventriculoperitoneal shunting was found to be the best option.

Conclusion Cases of decompression surgery should be under vigilant follow-up after discharge and even after cranioplasty for risk of development of hydrocephalus and requirement of permanent shunting. Cases with intraventricular hemorrhage or SAH should be considered as future candidate with risk of developing hydrocephalus. Lamina terminalis opening whenever possible results in favorable outcome in cases of anterior circulation aneurysms. CSF protein analysis in cases of intraventricular and CPA tumors should be done whenever possible, preferably routinely.



Publication History

Article published online:
29 September 2020

© 2020. Neurotrauma Society of India. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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