CC BY 4.0 · VCOT Open 2020; 03(02): e146-e152
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1717125
Case Report

Caudal Cruciate Ligament Rupture in an Adult Dog 8.5 Years Post Juvenile Tibial Plateau Cranial Hemiepiphysiodesis

1   Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Clinica Veterinaria Milano Sud, Peschiera Borromeo, Milano, Italy
,
Melania Dallago
2   Clinica Veterinaria Zoolife, Mezzolombardo, Trento, Italy
,
Antonio Ferretti
3   Clinica Veterinaria Dr. Antonio Ferretti, Legnano, Milano, Italy
› Author Affiliations

Abstract

The aim of this study was to report a case of caudal cruciate ligament rupture in a 9-year-old dog who underwent juvenile tibial plateau cranial hemiepiphysiodesis that was performed to treat a partial cranial cruciate ligament rupture and excessive tibial plateau angle. A 9-year-old, 45 kg, male Bernese Mountain dog was referred for a non-traumatic acute right pelvic-limb lameness. At the age of 5 months, the dog underwent bilateral tibial plateau cranial hemiepiphysiodesis to treat a bilateral partial cranial cruciate ligament rupture and excessive tibial plateau angles. At clinical examination, a caudal tibial subluxation of the right stifle was detected. The right tibial plateau angle was 3 degree. Arthroscopy confirmed a complete caudal cruciate ligament rupture. The cranial cruciate ligament was partially torn. A diagnosis of caudal cruciate ligament rupture 8.5 years post juvenile tibial plateau hemiepiphysiodesis was made. A tibial plateau overcorrection might have contributed to caudal cruciate ligament rupture in this dog.

Authors' Contributions

M.P. and M.D. wrote the manuscript. M.P. and A.F. performed the surgeries, clinical and radiographic examinations, radiographic measurements, and supervised the manuscript as well.




Publication History

Received: 13 October 2019

Accepted: 31 July 2020

Article published online:
14 October 2020

© 2020. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Stuttgart · New York

 
  • References

  • 1 Arnoczky SP, Marshall JL. The cruciate ligaments of the canine stifle: an anatomical and functional analysis. Am J Vet Res 1977; 38 (11) 1807-1814
  • 2 Comerford EJ, Smith K, Hayashi K. Update on the aetiopathogenesis of canine cranial cruciate ligament disease. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2011; 24 (02) 91-98
  • 3 Johnson AL, Olmstead ML. Caudal cruciate ligament rupture. A retrospective analysis of 14 dogs. Vet Surg 1987; 16 (03) 202-206
  • 4 Harari J. Caudal cruciate ligament injury. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 1993; 23 (04) 821-829
  • 5 Sumner JP, Markel MD, Muir P. Caudal cruciate ligament damage in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture. Vet Surg 2010; 39 (08) 936-941
  • 6 Slocum B, Slocum TD. Tibial plateau leveling osteotomy for repair of cranial cruciate ligament rupture in the canine. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 1993; 23 (04) 777-795
  • 7 Selmi AL, Padilha Filho JG. Rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament associated with deformity of the proximal tibia in five dogs. J Small Anim Pract 2001; 42 (08) 390-393
  • 8 Kowaleski MP, Boudrieau RJ, Pozzi A. Stifle joint. In: Tobias K, Jhonston S. , eds. Veterinary Surgery Small Animal. vol 1.. Missouri: Elsevier Saunders; 2018: 906-998
  • 9 Vincenti S, Knell S, Pozzi A. Surgical treatment of a proximal diaphyseal tibial deformity associated with partial caudal and cranial cruciate ligament deficiency and patella baja. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd 2017; 159 (04) 237-242
  • 10 Morris E, Lipowitz AJ. Comparison of tibial plateau angles in dogs with and without cranial cruciate ligament injuries. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2001; 218 (03) 363-366
  • 11 Slocum B, Devine-Slocum T. Tibial plateau leveling osteotomy for cranial cruciate ligament rupture. In: Bojrab MJ. , ed. Current Techniques in Small Animal Surgery. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1998: 1209-1215
  • 12 Slocum B, Devine T. Cranial tibial thrust: a primary force in the canine stifle. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1983; 183 (04) 456-459
  • 13 Wilke VL, Conzemius MG, Besancon MF, Evans RB, Ritter M. Comparison of tibial plateau angle between clinically normal Greyhounds and Labrador Retrievers with and without rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2002; 221 (10) 1426-1429
  • 14 Warzee CC, Dejardin LM, Arnoczky SP, Perry RL. Effect of tibial plateau leveling on cranial and caudal tibial thrusts in canine cranial cruciate-deficient stifles: an in vitro experimental study. Vet Surg 2001; 30 (03) 278-286
  • 15 Slocum B. Screw Fixation of Capital Tibial Physis for Tibial Plateau Levelling. Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20080226033831/http://www.slocumenterprises.com:80/Case%20Examples/ScrewFixCapTibPhysis.htm . Accessed October 12, 2019
  • 16 Vezzoni A, Bohorquez Vanelli A, Modenato M, Dziezyc J, Devine Slocum T. Proximal tibial epiphysiodesis to reduce tibial plateau slope in young dogs with cranial cruciate ligament deficient stifle. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2008; 21 (04) 343-348
  • 17 Whitehair JG, Vasseur PB, Willits NH. Epidemiology of cranial cruciate ligament rupture in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1993; 203 (07) 1016-1019
  • 18 Duval JM, Budsberg SC, Flo GL, Sammarco JL. Breed, sex, and body weight as risk factors for rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament in young dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999; 215 (06) 811-814
  • 19 Duerr FM, Duncan CG, Savicky RS, Park RD, Egger EL, Palmer RH. Risk factors for excessive tibial plateau angle in large-breed dogs with cranial cruciate ligament disease. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2007; 231 (11) 1688-1691
  • 20 Fox EA, Dycus DL, Leasure CS, Fox HA, Canapp Jr SO. Average tibial plateau angle of 3,922 stifles undergoing surgical stabilization for cranial cruciate ligament rupture. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2020; 33 (03) 167-173
  • 21 Helmink SK, Shanks RD, Leighton EA. Breed and sex differences in growth curves for two breeds of dog guides. J Anim Sci 2000; 78 (01) 27-32
  • 22 Villemure I, Stokes IAF. Growth plate mechanics and mechanobiology. A survey of present understanding. J Biomech 2009; 42 (12) 1793-1803
  • 23 Reif U, Dejardin LM, Probst CW, DeCamp CE, Flo GL, Johnson AL. Influence of limb positioning and measurement method on the magnitude of the tibial plateau angle. Vet Surg 2004; 33 (04) 368-375
  • 24 Fettig AA, Rand WM, Sato AF, Solano M, McCarthy RJ, Boudrieau RJ. Observer variability of tibial plateau slope measurement in 40 dogs with cranial cruciate ligament-deficient stifle joints. Vet Surg 2003; 32 (05) 471-478
  • 25 Dello Russo B. Selective posterior epiphysiodesis of the triradiate cartilage of the acetabulum: preliminary results of an experimental study in rabbits. Open J Orthop 2016; 6: 240-252
  • 26 Harari J, Johnson AL, Stein LE, Kneller SK, Pijanowski G. Evaluation of experimental transection and partial excision of the caudal cruciate ligament in dogs. Vet Surg 1987; 16 (02) 151-154
  • 27 Pournaras J, Symeonides PP, Karkavelas G. The significance of the posterior cruciate ligament in the stability of the knee. An experimental study in dogs. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1983; 65 (02) 204-209
  • 28 de Rooster H, van Bree H. Use of compression stress radiography for the detection of partial tears of the canine cranial cruciate ligament. J Small Anim Pract 1999; 40 (12) 573-576
  • 29 Slocum B, Slocum D. Tibial tubercle recession for the caudal cruciate ligament - deficient stifle. In: Bojrab MJ. , ed. Current Techniques in Small Animal Surgery. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1998: 1220-1222
  • 30 Demianiuk RM, Guiot LP. Reverse TPLO for asymmetrical -premature closure of the proximal tibial physis in a dog. J Small Anim Pract 2014; 55 (11) 589-592
  • 31 Robinson DA, Mason DR, Evans R, Conzemius MG. The effect of tibial plateau angle on ground reaction forces 4-17 months after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy in Labrador Retrievers. Vet Surg 2006; 35 (03) 294-299