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Thromb Haemost 2021; 121(03): 309-321
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-171670
Cellular Haemostasis and Platelets

Sodium–Calcium Exchanger Reverse Mode Sustains Dichotomous Ion Fluxes Required for Procoagulant COAT Platelet Formation

Alessandro Aliotta 
1   Hemostasis and Platelet Research Laboratory, Division of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
,
Debora Bertaggia Calderara 
1   Hemostasis and Platelet Research Laboratory, Division of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
,
Maxime G. Zermatten 
1   Hemostasis and Platelet Research Laboratory, Division of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
,
Lorenzo Alberio 
1   Hemostasis and Platelet Research Laboratory, Division of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
› Author Affiliations Funding This study was supported by grants from Dr. Henri Dubois-Ferrière Dinu Lipatti Foundation, Novartis Foundation for Medical-Biological Research (Grant #18B074), and Swiss Heart Foundation (Grant FF19117).
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Abstract

Procoagulant collagen-and-thrombin (COAT)-activated platelets represent a subpopulation of activated platelets, which retain a coat of prohemostatic proteins and express phosphatidylserine on their surface. Dichotomous intracellular signaling generating procoagulant platelet activity instead of traditional aggregating endpoints is still not fully elucidated. It has been demonstrated that secondary messengers such as calcium and sodium play a critical role in platelet activation. Therefore, we developed a flow cytometric analysis to investigate intracellular ion fluxes simultaneously during generation of aggregating and procoagulant platelets. Human platelets were activated by convulxin-plus-thrombin. Cytosolic calcium, sodium, and potassium ion fluxes were visualized by specific ion probes and analyzed by flow cytometry. We observed high and prolonged intracellular calcium concentration, transient sodium increase, and fast potassium efflux in COAT platelets, whereas aggregating non-COAT platelets rapidly decreased their calcium content, maintaining higher cytosolic sodium, and experiencing lower and slower potassium depletion. Considering these antithetical patterns, we investigated the role of the sodium–calcium exchanger (NCX) during convulxin-plus-thrombin activation. NCX inhibitors, CBDMB and ORM-10103, dose-dependently reduced the global calcium mobilization induced by convulxin-plus-thrombin activation and dose-dependently prevented formation of procoagulant COAT platelets. Our data demonstrate that both NCX modes are used after convulxin-plus-thrombin-induced platelet activation. Non-COAT platelets use forward-mode NCX, thus pumping calcium out and moving sodium in, while COAT platelets rely on reverse NCX function, which pumps additional calcium into the cytosol, by extruding sodium. In conclusion, we described for the first time the critical and dichotomous role of NCX function during convulxin-plus-thrombin-induced platelet activation.

Keywords

blood platelets - procoagulant platelets - ion kinetics - flow cytometry

Authors' Contributions

A.A. designed and implemented the research, performed the experiments, analyzed the results, prepared the figures, wrote and edited the manuscript; D.B.C. contributed to the design and implementation of the research and critically edited the manuscript; M.G.Z. critically revised and edited the manuscript; and L.A. conceived the original idea, supervised the research, wrote and edited the manuscript.


Supplementary Material



Publication History

Received: 24 April 2020

Accepted: 07 August 2020

Article published online:
24 October 2020

© 2020. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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