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J Pediatr Genet 2021; 10(02): 111-115
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714702
Original Article

Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood: A Series of Genetically Confirmed Four Cases from Southern India with Review of Published Literature

Naveen Kumar Bhardwaj 
1   Department of Pediatric Neurology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
,
Vykuntaraju K. Gowda
1   Department of Pediatric Neurology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
,
Ashwin Vivek Sardesai
1   Department of Pediatric Neurology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Abstract

Alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC) is a rare autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorder with mutation on ATP1A3 gene. Delay in diagnosis and inappropriate diagnosis are common. In this article, we described four genetically confirmed AHC patients to provide an improved understanding of the disorder. First symptom in two patients was seizures and in other two patients was abnormal eye deviation. All had onset of plegic attacks within the first 18 months of their life. Tone abnormalities and movement disorders were present in all patients. Electroencephalogram was abnormal in two patients and all had normal magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. Response to treatment of plegic attacks was poor and also epilepsy was drug resistant. All cases had significant development delay and disability as of last follow-up. Although there is no effective treatment so far, early diagnosis is required to avoid unnecessary treatment.

Keywords

alternating hemiplegia of childhood - plegic attacks - ATP1A3 gene

Authors' Contributions

N.K.B. and A.V.S. collected data. N.K.B. prepared the initial draft of manuscript and reviewed the literature. V.K.G. conceived the study. V.K.G. and A.V.S. performed critical review of the manuscript and edited the manuscript. Final version of the manuscript was approved by all authors.




Publication History

Received: 08 May 2020

Accepted: 19 June 2020

Article published online:
13 August 2020

© 2020. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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