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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2020; 14(04): 598-604
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714172
Original Article

Evaluating the Abrasivity of a Nanosized Eggshell–Titanium Dioxide on Tooth Enamel Using Atomic Force Microscopy

Stanley Chibuzor Onwubu
1   Department of Dental Sciences, Durban University of Technology (DUT), Durban, South Africa
,
Phumlane Selby Mdluli
2   Department of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology (DUT), Durban, South Africa
,
Shenuka Singh
3   Discipline of Dentistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), Durban, South Africa
,
Sanele Nyembe
4   DST/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Advanced Materials Division, Mintek, Randburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
,
Rookmoney Thakur
5   Public Management and Economics, Durban University of Technology (DUT), Durban, South Africa
› Author Affiliations
Funding This research was funded by the National Research Foundation of South Africa (No. 104824)
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Abstract

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate nanosized eggshell–titanium dioxide (EB@TiO2) abrasiveness in comparison with calcium carbonate and hydrated silica-containing toothpaste.

Material and Methods Thirty-five bovine tooth enamels were prepared, and specimens randomly assigned to a sample group of five (n = 7), namely, Colgate regular, Colgate pro-relief, Sensodyne rapid relief, Sensodyne repair, and EB@TiO2. Half of the enamel surface was brushed with each respective sample group, while the other half was covered with a tap.

Statistical Analysis The mean roughness value (Ra) of the brushed and covered halves were measured using an atomic force microscope (AFM). To assess the surface morphology and changes, a scanning electron microscope (SEM) was performed. Using pair sample test and ANOVA, the Ra for the entire specimens were analyzed. A Bonferroni correction was used to identify the mean differences among the five groups (α=.05).

Results  The findings from this analysis show that all the tested toothpaste abraded the enamel significantly (p < 0.05). The abrasive value contained in toothpaste comprising calcium carbonate was lower than the silica toothpaste hydrated.

Conclusion Overall, Colgate regular had the lowest toothpaste abrasivity, followed by EB@TiO2, while Sensodyne rapid relief had the most enamel wear. The prominent feature of this study suggests that EB@TiO2 is suitable for oral use, as its abrasivity is comparable with calcium carbonate-containing toothpaste.

Keywords

abrasivity - enamel - toothpaste - Atomic Force Microscope


Publication History

Article published online:
10 August 2020

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