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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Revista Urología Colombiana / Colombian Urology Journal 2021; 30(01): 034-039
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713091
Original Article | Artículo Original
Urologic Oncology | Oncología Urológica

Asociación entre el cociente del segundo y cuarto dedo y el riesgo de cáncer de próstata: Un estudio de casos y controles en población mediterránea

Second to Fourth Digit Ratio and Prostate Cancer Risk: A Case-control Study in Mediterranean Population
Damián García-Escudero 
1   Servicio de Urología, Hospital General Universitario “Reina Sofía,” Murcia (Murcia), España
,
Julián J. Arense-Gonzálo
2   Departamento de Ciencias Sociosanitarias, Universidad de Murcia, Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Espinardo (Murcia), España
3   Grupo de Investigación en Metodología de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación, Biosanitaria de Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia (Murcia), España
,
Jaime Mendiola
2   Departamento de Ciencias Sociosanitarias, Universidad de Murcia, Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Espinardo (Murcia), España
3   Grupo de Investigación en Metodología de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación, Biosanitaria de Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia (Murcia), España
,
Julián Oñate-Celdrán
1   Servicio de Urología, Hospital General Universitario “Reina Sofía,” Murcia (Murcia), España
,
Evdochia Adoamnei
2   Departamento de Ciencias Sociosanitarias, Universidad de Murcia, Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Espinardo (Murcia), España
3   Grupo de Investigación en Metodología de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación, Biosanitaria de Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia (Murcia), España
,
Carlos Sánchez-Rodríguez
1   Servicio de Urología, Hospital General Universitario “Reina Sofía,” Murcia (Murcia), España
,
Paula Samper-Mateo
1   Servicio de Urología, Hospital General Universitario “Reina Sofía,” Murcia (Murcia), España
,
Marcos Torres-Roca
1   Servicio de Urología, Hospital General Universitario “Reina Sofía,” Murcia (Murcia), España
,
Olimpia Molina-Hernández
1   Servicio de Urología, Hospital General Universitario “Reina Sofía,” Murcia (Murcia), España
,
Pablo L. Guzmán Martínez-Valls
1   Servicio de Urología, Hospital General Universitario “Reina Sofía,” Murcia (Murcia), España
,
Alberto M. Torres-Cantero
2   Departamento de Ciencias Sociosanitarias, Universidad de Murcia, Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Espinardo (Murcia), España
3   Grupo de Investigación en Metodología de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación, Biosanitaria de Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia (Murcia), España
4   CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, España
5   Servicio de Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Clínico Universitario “Virgen de la Arrixaca,” El Palmar (Murcia), España
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Resumen

Objetivo Evaluar la asociación entre el cociente de los dedos segundo y cuarto (2D:4D), como un biomarcador de la exposición prenatal a andrógenos, y la presencia de cáncer de próstata (CaP).

Métodos Estudio de casos y controles con 260 hombres que consultaron en el Servicio de Urología del Hospital General Universitario Reina Sofía (Murcia, España). Los casos (n = 125) fueron pacientes diagnosticados de CaP por anatomía patológica a los que se les realizó una prostatectomía radical. Los controles (n = 135) fueron pacientes que consultaron en Urología por otro motivo y que no mostraron signos ni síntomas de patología prostática. La longitud del 2D y 4D de la mano derecha fue medida mediante un pie de rey digital y se calculó el cociente entre ambos (2D:4D). Para los análisis estadísticos se utilizaron modelos de regresión logística obteniendo Odds ratios (OR) crudas y ajustadas e intervalos de confianza al 95%.

Resultados Los casos presentaron un cociente 2D:4D significativamente menor que los controles. El cociente 2D:4D se relacionó significativamente con la presencia de CaP. Tras el ajuste multivariante, se observó que los varones que se encontraban en el primer tercil de distribución del cociente 2D:4D, presentaban casi el doble de riesgo de padecer CaP (OR 1,9: IC 95% 1,1–4,0; P-valor = 0,040) en comparación con los varones que se encontraban en el segundo y tercer tercil.

Conclusiones Una mayor exposición prenatal a andrógenos, reflejada por un cociente 2D:4D menor, podría estar asociado con riesgo aumentado de padecer CaP, pero más estudios son necesarios para corroborar esos hallazgos.

Abstract

Objective To evaluate the association between second to fourth digit (2D:4D) ratio, as a biomarker of prenatal androgen exposure, and the presence of prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods This was a case-control study of 260 men attending a Department of Urology in a Murcia Region hospital (Spain). Cases (n = 125) were patients who underwent radical prostatectomy due to PCa and were diagnosed by specimen's histopathology. Controls (n = 135) were patients who showed no signs or symptoms of prostate disease. The length of 2D and 4D of the right hand was measured two times using a digital caliper, and the ratio calculated (2D:4D). Unconditional multiple logistic regressions [crude and adjusted Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI)] were performed to evaluate associations between the 2D:4D ratio and presence of PCa.

Results Cases showed significantly lower 2D:4D ratios than controls. 2D:4D ratios were significantly associated with the presence of PCa. After controlling for important covariates, men in the first tertile of the 2D:4D ratio distribution, compared with the second and third tertile, were almost two-times [OR 1.9 (95% CI 1.1–4.0; P-value = 0.040] more likely to have PCa.

Conclusions A higher prenatal androgen exposure, indicated by lower 2D:4D ratios, might be associated with higher PCa risk, but further research is needed to confirm these findings in other male populations.

Palabras clave

cociente 2D:4D - cáncer de próstata - exposición prenatal a andrógenos - riesgo de cáncer de próstata - marcadores androgénicos - diagnóstico precoz del cáncer de próstata

Keywords

second to fourth digit ratio - prostate cancer - androgen prenatal exposure - prostate cancer risk - androgen markers - prostate cancer early diagnosis


Publication History

Received: 08 November 2019

Accepted: 28 April 2020

Article published online:
07 August 2020

© 2020. Sociedad Colombiana de Urología. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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