Subscribe to RSS
Please copy the URL and add it into your RSS Feed Reader.
https://www.thieme-connect.de/rss/thieme/en/10.1055-s-00051610.xml
Download PDF
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · European Dental Research and Biomaterials Journal 2020; 1(01): 20-26
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1701183
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1701183
Review Article
Periodontal Epidemiology
Subject Editor:
Abstract
The increased requirement on the information about nature, etiology, and pathogenesis of periodontal disease has demanded wide areas of research in periodontics. The growth observed in research conducted in periodontology had been observed in both basic and clinical research areas. Despite recent advances in periodontal research, many issues remain unresolved. The aim of this review article is focused on few important problems faced in periodontal research related to epidemiology, etiology, and pathogenesis of periodontal disease.
Publication History
Article published online:
24 September 2021
© 2020. Dental Investigation Society
Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd.
A-12, Second Floor, Sector -2, NOIDA -201301, India
-
References
- 1 Gjermo PE. Impact of periodontal preventive programmes on the data from epidemiologic studies. J Clin Periodontol 2005; 32 (Suppl. 06) 294-300
- 2 Page RC. Milestones in periodontal research and the remaining critical issues. J Periodontal Res 1999; 34 (07) 331-339
- 3 Preshaw PM. Definitions of periodontal disease in research. J Clin Periodontol 2009; 36 (01) 1-2
- 4 Page RC, Eke PI. Case definitions for use in population-based surveillance of periodontitis. J Periodontol 2007; 78: 1387-1399
- 5 Tonetti MS, Claffey N. European Workshop in Periodontology group C. Advances in the progression of periodontitis and proposal of definitions of a periodontitis case and disease progression for use in risk factor research. Group C consensus report of the 5th European Workshop in Periodontology. J Clin Periodontol 2005; 32 (Suppl. 06) 210-213
- 6 Leroy R, Eaton KA, Savage A. Methodological issues in epidemiological studies of periodontitis—how can it be improved?. BMC Oral Health 2010; 10: 8
- 7 Agerholm DM, Ashley FP. Clinical assessment of periodontitis in young adults—evaluation of probing depth and partial recording methods. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1996; 24 (01) 56-61
- 8 Beck JD, Löe H. Epidemiological principles in studying periodontal diseases. Periodontol 2000 1993; 2: 34-45
- 9 Carlos JP, Wolfe MD, Kingman A. The extent and severity index: a simple method for use in epidemiologic studies of periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol 1986; 13 (05) 500-505
- 10 Susin C, Valle P, Oppermann RV, Haugejorden O, Albandar JM. Occurrence and risk indicators of increased probing depth in an adult Brazilian population. J Clin Periodontol 2005; 32 (02) 123-129
- 11 Eaton KA. Factors Affecting Community Oral Health Care Needs and Provision Eastman Dental Institute for Oral Health. London, UK: University of London 2002
- 12 Cohen J. A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales. Educ Psychol Meas 1960; 20: 37-46
- 13 Lesaffre E, Mwalili SM, Declerck D. Analysis of caries experience taking inter-observer bias and variability into account. J Dent Res 2004; 83 (12) 951-955
- 14 Hyman J. The importance of assessing confounding and effect modification in research involving periodontal disease and systemic diseases. J Clin Periodontol 2006; 33 (02) 102-103
- 15 Emrich LJ. Common problems with statistical aspects of periodontal research papers. J Periodontol 1990; 61 (04) 206-208
- 16 Socransky SS, Haffajee AD, Smith GL, Dzink JL. Difficulties encountered in the search for the etiologic agents of destructive periodontal diseases. J Clin Periodontol 1987; 14 (10) 588-593
- 17 Haffajee AD, Socransky SS. Microbial etiological agents of destructive periodontal diseases. Periodontol 2000 1994; 5: 78-111
- 18 Socransky SS, Haffajee AD. Microbial mechanisms in the pathogenesis of destructive periodontal diseases: a critical assessment. J Periodontal Res 1991; 26 (3 Pt 2) 195-212
- 19 Ali RW, Martin L, Haffajee AD, Socransky SS. Detection of identical ribotypes of Porphyromonas gingivalis in patients residing in the United States, Sudan, Romania and Norway. Oral Microbiol Immunol 1997; 12 (02) 106-111
- 20 Barua PK, Dyer DW, Neiders ME. Effect of iron limitation on Bacteroides gingivalis . Oral Microbiol Immunol 1990; 5 (05) 263-268
- 21 Loos BG, John RP, Laine ML. Identification of genetic risk factors for periodontitis and possible mechanisms of action. J Clin Periodontol 2005; 32 (Suppl. 06) 159-179
- 22 Badersten A, Nilvéus R, Egelberg J. Scores of plaque, bleeding, suppuration and probing depth to predict probing attachment loss. 5 years of observation following nonsurgical periodontal therapy. J Clin Periodontol 1990; 17 (02) 102-107
- 23 Persson RE, Persson GR, Kiyak HA, Powell LV. Oral health and medical status in dentate low-income older persons. Spec Care Dentist 1998; 18 (02) 70-77
- 24 Timmerman MF, Van der Weijden GA, Arief EM. et al Untreated periodontal disease in Indonesian adolescents. Subgingival microbiota in relation to experienced progression of periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2001; 28 (07) 617-627
- 25 Tran SD, Rudney JD, Sparks BS, Hodges JS. Persistent presence of Bacteroides forsythus as a risk factor for attachment loss in a population with low prevalence and severity of adult periodontitis. J Periodontol 2001; 72 (01) 1-10
- 26 McGuire MK, Nunn ME. Prognosis versus actual outcome. IV. The effectiveness of clinical parameters and IL-1 genotype in accurately predicting prognoses and tooth survival. J Periodontol 1999; 70 (01) 49-56
- 27 Croucher R, Marcenes WS, Torres MC, Hughes F, Sheîham A. The relationship between life-events and periodontitis. A case-control study. J Clin Periodontol 1997; 24 (01) 39-43
- 28 Elter JR, Beck JD, Slade GD, Offenbacher S. Etiologic models for incident periodontal attachment loss in older adults. J Clin Periodontol 1999; 26 (02) 113-123
- 29 Genco RJ, Ho AW, Grossi SG, Dunford RG, Tedesco LA. Relationship of stress, distress and inadequate coping behaviors to periodontal disease. J Periodontol 1999; 70 (07) 711-723
- 30 Umino M, Nagao M. Systemic diseases in elderly dental patients. Int Dent J 1993; 43 (03) 213-218
- 31 DeStefano F, Anda RF, Kahn HS, Williamson DF, Russell CM. Dental disease and risk of coronary heart disease and mortality. BMJ 1993; 306 6879 688-691
- 32 Loesche WJ. Periodontal disease as a risk factor for heart disease. Compendium 1994; 15 (08) 976-985
- 33 Offenbacher S, Katz V, Fertik G. Periodontal infection as a risk factor for preterm low birth weight. J Periodontol 1996; 67: 72-77
- 34 Collins JG, Windley HW II, Arnold RR, Offenbacher S. Effects of a Porphyromonas gingivalis infection on inflammatory mediator response and pregnancy outcome in hamsters. Infect Immun 1994; 62 (10) 4356-4361
- 35 Collins JG, Smith MA, Arnold RR, Offenbacher S. Effects of Escherichia coli and Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide on pregnancy outcome in the golden hamster. Infect Immun 1994; 62 (10) 4652-4655
- 36 Hatem AE. Epidemiology and risk factors of periodontal disease. Periodontal diseases—a clinician’s guide. In: Manakil J, ed. Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Periodontal Disease. Croatia: InTech; 2012: 213–230
- 37 Humphrey LL, Fu R, Buckley DI, Freeman M, Helfand M. Periodontal disease and coronary heart disease incidence: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Gen Intern Med 2008; 23 (12) 2079-2086
- 38 Moura-Grec PG, Marsicano JA, Carvalho CA, Sales-Peres SH. Obesity and periodontitis: systematic review and meta-analysis. Cien Saude Colet 2014; 19 (06) 1763-1772
- 39 Corbella S, Taschieri S, Francetti L. De Siena F, Del Fabbro M. Periodontal disease as a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies. Odontology 2012; 100 (02) 232-240
- 40 Engebretson S, Kocher T. Evidence that periodontal treatment improves diabetes outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Periodontol 2013; 84 (04) S153-S169
- 41 Elías-Boneta AR, Toro MJ, Rivas-Tumanyan S, Rajendra-Santosh AB, Brache M, Collins C JR. Prevalence, severity, and risk factors of gingival inflammation in caribbean adults: a multi-city, cross-sectional study. P R Health Sci J 2018; 37 (02) 115-123
- 42 Collins JR, Olsen J, Cuesta A. et al In vitro microbiological analysis on antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and inhibitory action on matrix metalloproteinases-8 of commercially available chlorhexidine digluconate mouth rinses. Indian J Dent Res 2018; 29 (06) 799-807
- 43 Khurshid Z, Zohaib S, Najeeb S, Zafar MS, Rehman R, Rehman IU. Advances of proteomic sciences in dentistry. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17 (05) 728
- 44 Khurshid Z, Mali M, Naseem M, Najeeb S, Zafar MS. Human gingival crevicular fluids (gcf) proteomics: an overview. Dent J (Basel) 2017; 5 (01) 12
- 45 Hormdee D, Prajaneh S, Kampichai A, Tak R, Chaiyarit P. Prolonged suppressive effects of periodontitis on salivary tff3 production. Eur J Dent 2019; 13 (02) 193-198
- 46 Gupta N, Gupta ND, Gupta A, Goyal L, Garg S. The influence of type 2 diabetes mellitus on salivary matrix metalloproteinase-8 levels and periodontal parameters: a study in an Indian population. Eur J Dent 2015; 9 (03) 319-323
- 47 Vincent RR, Appukuttan D, Victor DJ, Balasundaram A. Oxidative stress in chronic periodontitis patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Eur J Dent 2018; 12 (02) 225-231
- 48 Canakci CF, Cicek Y, Yildirim A, Sezer U, Canakci V. Increased levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and malondialdehyde and its relationship with antioxidant enzymes in saliva of periodontitis patients. Eur J Dent 2009; 3 (02) 100-106
- 49 Kiran Kumar K, Sujatha R, Arvind Babu RS, Reddy BVR. A study on oral hygiene practices and habits among dental professionals in Andhra Pradesh. J Orofac Sci 2011; 3 (02) 4-9
- 50 Collins JR, Elías AR, Brache M. et al Association between gingival parameters and Oral health-related quality of life in Caribbean adults: a population-based cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19 (01) 234
- 51 Rajendra AB Santosh, Ogle OE, Williams D, Woodbine EF. Epidemiology of Oral and maxillofacial infections. Dent Clin North Am 2017; 61 (02) 217-233
- 52 Caton JG, Armitage G, Berglundh T. et al A new classification scheme for periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions—introduction and key changes from the 1999 classification. J Periodontol 2018; 89 (Suppl. 01) S1-S8
- 53 Bandaru BK, Thankappan P, Kumar Nandan SR, Amudala R, Annem SK, Rajendra Santosh AB. The prevalence of developmental anomalies among school children in Southern district of Andhra Pradesh, India. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2019; 23 (01) 160
- 54 Fine DH, Patil AG, Loos BG. Classification and diagnosis of aggressive periodontitis. J Periodontol 2018; 89 (Suppl. 01) S103-S119