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Thromb Haemost 2020; 120(03): 392-399
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3402762
Coagulation and Fibrinolysis
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Effect of Tranexamic Acid on Coagulation and Fibrin Clot Properties in Children Undergoing Craniofacial Surgery

Christian Fenger-Eriksen
1   Department of Anaesthesiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
,
Alexander D'Amore Lindholm
1   Department of Anaesthesiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
,
Lisbeth Krogh
1   Department of Anaesthesiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
,
Tobias Hell
2   Department of Mathematics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
,
Martin Berger
2   Department of Mathematics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
,
Martin Hermann
3   Department of General and Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
,
Dietmar Fries
3   Department of General and Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
,
Niels Juul
1   Department of Anaesthesiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
,
Mads Rasmussen
1   Department of Anaesthesiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
,
Anne-Mette Hvas
4   Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
5   Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
› Institutsangaben Funding This study was funded by Novo Nordisk Fonden (NNF14OC0011787). The funding source had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication
Weitere Informationen

Publikationsverlauf

03. September 2019

21. November 2019

Publikationsdatum:
23. Januar 2020 (online)

    Lizenzen und Reprints

Abstract

Objective Craniosynostosis surgery in small children is very often associated with a high blood loss. Tranexamic acid (TXA) reduces blood loss during this procedure, although the potential underlying coagulopathy in these children is not known in detail. Objective was to determine the nature of any coagulopathy found during and after craniosynostosis surgery and to characterize the effect of TXA on fibrin clot formation, clot strength, and fibrinolysis.

Materials and Methods Thirty children received either TXA (bolus dose of 10 mg/kg followed by 8 hours continuous infusion of 3 mg/kg/h) or placebo. Dynamic whole blood clot formation assessed by thromboelastometry, platelet count, dynamic thrombin generation/thrombin-antithrombin, clot lysis assay, and fibrinogen/factor XIII (FXIII) levels were measured. Additionally, clot structure was investigated by real-time live confocal microscopy and topical data analysis.

Results Increased ability of thrombin generation was observed together with a tendency toward shortened activated partial thromboplastin time and clotting time. Postoperative maximum clot firmness was higher among children receiving TXA. FXIII decreased significantly during surgery in both groups.

Resistance toward tissue plasminogen activator-induced fibrinolysis was higher in children that received TXA, as evidenced by topical data analysis and by a significant longer lysis time. Fibrinogen levels were higher in the TXA group at 24 hours.

Conclusion A significant coagulopathy mainly characterized by changes in clot stability and not parameters of thrombin generation was reported. Tranexamic acid improved clot strength and reduced fibrinolysis, thereby avoiding reduction in fibrinogen levels.

Keywords

antifibrinolytic agents - blood coagulation - craniosynostosis - fibrinolysis - hemorrhage

Authors' Contributions

Study conception and design: Christian Fenger-Eriksen, Mads Rasmussen, Niels Juul, Anne-Mette Hvas. Patient recruitment, anesthesia procedure, sample handling: Christian Fenger-Eriksen, Mads Rasmussen, Lisbeth Krogh, Niels Juul. Data acquisition and analysis: All authors. Manuscript draft: Christian Fenger-Eriksen, Alexander D'Amore Lindholm, Mads Rasmussen, Anne-Mette Hvas. Final manuscript revision and editing: All authors. Mads Rasmussen was funded by a grant from the Health Research Fund of Central Denmark Region.


 

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