The Prevalence and Treatment Outcomes of Primary Tooth Injuries

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the type and prevalence of primary tooth injuries, as well as their treatment and treatment outcomes, among children referred to the Department of Pedodontics at the Ankara University Faculty of Dentistry in Turkey.

Methods: The study population consisted of patients applying to the department with a primary tooth injury over a period of 21 months. Fifty-one patients presented with trauma to 99 primary teeth. Clinical and radiographic examinations were conducted on each patient. Age, sex, time, cause of injury, and number of teeth affected were recorded, and the type of trauma was identified according to Andreasen’s classification. The teeth were treated by one of the authors.

Results: The majority of trauma occurred between the ages of 2 and 4. The most common type of injury was lateral luxation (33.3%). Most injuries (33.3%) presented during May. The most common form of treatment was follow-up only (39.4%), followed by extraction (29.3%) and root canal treatment (12.1%). The average follow-up period was 11 months. During the follow-up period, complications were observed in 4 teeth.

Conclusions: The study results show that in the absence of acute symptoms, parents tend not to apply to a dental clinic for children’s injuries. This finding highlights the importance of informing the public about primary tooth injuries and their consequences. (Eur J Dent 2010;4:447-453)

Keywords

Dental trauma - Primary teeth - Prevalence - Treatment outcomes

• REFERENCES

• 1 Rodriguez JG. Traumatic anterior dental injuries in Cuban preschool children. Dent Traumatol 2007; 23: 241-242
• 2 Andreasen JO, Andreasen FM, Andersson L. Textbook and color atlas of traumatic injuries to the teeth. 4th edn. Oxford: Blackwell Munksgaard; 2007
• 3 Petersson EE, Andersson L, Sorensen S. Traumatic oral vs. non-oral injuries. Swed Dent J 1997; 21: 55-68
• 4 Glendor U, Andersson L. Public health aspects of oral diseases and disorders: dental trauma. In Pine C, Harris R. editors Community oral health. Quintessence publishing; London: 2007: 203-214
• 5 Glendor U, Halling A, Andersson L, Eilert-Peterson E. Incidence of traumatic tooth injuries in children and adolecents in the country of Vastmanland, Sweden. Swed Dent J 1996; 20: 15-28
• 6 Cunha RF, Pugliesi DM, Mello AEVieira. Oral trauma in Brazilian patients aged 0-3 years. Dent Traumatol 2001; 17: 210-212
• 7 Hargreaves JA, Cleaton PEJones, Roberts GJ, Williams S, Matejka JM. Trauma to primary teeth of South African preschool children. Endod Dent Traumatol 1999; 15: 73-76
• 8 Bijella MF, Yared FN, Bijella VT, Lopes ES. Occurrence of primary incisor traumatism in Brazilian children: a houseby-house survey. ASDCJ Dent Child 1990; 57: 424-427
• 9 Forsberg CM, Tedestam G. Traumatic injuries to teeth in Swedish children living in an urban area. Swed Dent J 1990; 14: 115-122
• 10 Rajab LD. Traumatic dental injuries in children presenting for treatment at the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty Dentistry of. University Jordan of 1997-2000. Dent Traumatol 2003; 19: 6-11
• 11 Diab M, elBadrawy HE. Intrusion injuries of primary incisors. Part III. Effects on the permanent successors. Quintessence Int 2000; 31: 377-384
• 12 Tarjan J, Balaton P, Keri I. Consequence and therapy of primary tooth intrusion. J Int Assoc Dent Child 1988; 19: 25-28
• 13 Flores MT, Malmgren B, Andersson L, Andreasen JO, Bakland LK, Barnett F, Bourguignn C, Diangelis A, Hicks L, Sigurdsson A, Trope M, Tsukiboshi M, von TArx. Guidelines for the management of traumatic dental injuries. III. Primary teeth. Dental Traumatol 2007; 23: 196-202
• 14 Þaroðlu I, Sönmez H. The prevalence of traumatic injuries treated in the pedodontic clinic of Ankara University, Turkey, during 18 months. Dent Traumatol 2002; 18: 299-303
• 15 Skaare AB, Jacobsen I. Primary tooth injuries in Norwegian children (1-8 years). Dent Traumatol 2005; 21: 315-319
• 16 Oliviera LB, Marcenes W, Ardenghi TM, Sheiham A, Bönecker M. Traumatic dental injuries and associated factors among Brazilian preschool children. Dent Traumatol 2007; 23: 76-81
• 17 Onetto JE, Flores MT, Garbarino ML. Dental trauma in children and adolescents in Valparaiso, Chile. Endod Dent Traumatol 1994; 10: 223-227
• 18 Kargul B, Çaðlar E, Tanboga I. Dental trauma in Turkish children, Istanbul. Dent Traumatol 2003; 19: 72-75
• 19 Llarena del, Rosario ME, Acosta AV, Garcia-Godoy F. Traumatic injuries to primary teeth in Mexico City children. Endod Dent Traumatol 1992; 8: 213-214
• 20 Baghdady VS, Ghose LJ, Enke H. Traumatic anterior teeth in Iraqi and Sudanese children- a comparative study. J Dent Res 1981; 60: 677-680
• 21 Perez R, Berkowitz R, McIlveen L, Forrester D. Dental trauma in children: a survey. Endod Dent Traumatol 1991; 7: 212-213
• 22 Battenhouse MR, Nazif MM, Zullo T. Emergency care in pediatric dentistry. J Dent Child 1988; 55: 68-71
• 23 Andreasen JO, Ravn JJ. Epidemiology of traumatic dental injuries to primary and permanent teeth in a Danish population sample. Int J Oral Surg 1972; 1: 235-239
• 24 Caldas JrAF, Burgos ME. A Retrospective study of traumatic dental injuries in a Brazilian dental trauma clinic. Dental Traumatol 2001; 17: 250-253
• 25 Kramer PF, Zembruski C, Ferreira SH, Feldens CA. Traumatic dental injuries in Brazilian preschool children. Dent Traumatol 2003; 19: 299-303
• 26 Altay N, Gungor HC. A retrospective study of dento-alveolar injuries of children in Ankara, Turkey. Dent Traumatol 2001; 17: 201-204
• 27 Sandalli N, Cildir S, Guler N. Clinical investigation of traumatic injuies in Yeditepe University, Turkey during the last3 years. Dent Traumatol 2005; 21: 188-194
• 28 De Carvalho, Rocha MJ, Cardoso M. Reimplantation of primary tooth--case report. Dent Traumatol 2008; 24: e4-e10
• 29 Boer FA, Percinoto C, Ferelle A, Cunha RF. Immediate reimplantation of primary teeth: a histological study in dogs. Dent Traumatol 2008; 24: 337-342