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Semin intervent Radiol 2019; 36(04): 303-309
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1697641
Review Article
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Ablation plus Transarterial Embolic Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Larger than 3 cm: Science, Evidence, and Future Directions

Andrew R. Lewis
1   Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
,
Carlos A. Padula
1   Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
,
J Mark McKinney
1   Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
,
Beau B. Toskich
1   Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
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Publikationsdatum:
31. Oktober 2019 (online)

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Abstract

Thermal ablation is widely regarded as definitive therapy for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma, but its efficacy decreases in tumors greater than 3 cm. Extensive clinical studies have supported improved outcomes provided through combining transarterial embolic therapy with ablation in the treatment of larger tumors. This article will provide a survey of the science and data for combination therapy in both thermal and nonthermal ablation modalities, as well as describe emerging applications.

Keywords

hepatocellular carcinoma - radiofrequency ablation - microwave ablation - transarterial chemoembolization - transarterial embolization - cryoablation - thermal ablation - combination therapy - ablation - embolization
 

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