Evaluation of Antibacterial Effectiveness of Desensitizers against Oral Bacteria

ABSTRACT

Objectives: Desensitizers contribute to better clinical results by reducing the rate of cervical dentin sensitivity. However, information on their antibacterial effect is limited. This study examined the antibacterial activities of a triclosan containing (Seal & Protect), a benzalconium containing desensitizer (Micro Prime), a fluoride containing prophilaxy paste (Sultan Desensitizer), two fluoride containing varnishes (Cavity Shealth and Ultra EZ), and a dentin bonding primer (All Bond).

Methods: The test materials were inserted in the wells of Muller Hinton agar plates inoculated with Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus salivarious, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The diameters of the inhibition zones produced around the materials were measured after 24 h of incubation. The results were analyzed by the Kruskal Wallis one way ANOVA and the Mann-Whitney tests at a significance level of P<.05.

Results: Micro Prime Desensitizer containing benzalkonium chloride had the highest antibacterial effectiveness compared to other desensitizers used in this study. In addition, triclosan containing Seal & Protect and acidic components containing All Bond showed very high antibacterial efficacy. On the other hand, fluoride within both varnishes had little antibacterial effectiveness. However a fluoride component in a paste (Sultan Desensitizer) showed very high bactericidal effect.

Conclusions: All desensitizers except fluoride varnishes showed various degrees of antibacterial effect against the bacteria tested in this study. If antibacterial effect is also required from the desensitizers’ clinicians should avoid use of varnishes. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:43-47)

Key words:

Desensitizers - Desensitizing products - Antibacterial - Bactericidal effectiveness

• REFERENCES

• 1 Adriaens PA, Edwards CA, De Boever JA, Loesche WJ. Ultrastructural observations on bacterial invasion in cementum and radicular dentin of periodontally diseased human teeth. J Periodontal 1988; 59: 493-503
• 2 Watson PJ. Gingival recession. J Dent 1984; 12: 29-35
• 3 Chabanski MB, GiUam DG, Bulman JS, Newman HN. Clinical evaluation of cervical dentine sensitivity in a population of patients referred to a specialist periodontology department: a pilot study. J Oral Rehabil 1997; 24: 666-672
• 4 Fischer C, Fischer RG, Wennberg A. Prevalence and distribution of cervical dentine hypersensitivity in a population in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. J Dent 1992; 20: 272-276
• 5 Adriaens PA, De Boever JA, Loesche WJ. Bacterial invasion in root cementum and radicular dentin of periodontally diseased teeth in humans A reservoir of periodontopathic bacteria. J Periodontal 1988; 59: 222-230
• 6 Hahn CL, Best AM, Tew JG. Cytokine induction by Streptococcus mutans and pulpal pathogenesis. Infect Immun 2000; 68: 6785-6789
• 7 Peters LB, Wesselink PR, Moorer WR. Penetration of bacteria in bovine root dentine in vitro. Int Endod J 2000; 33: 28-36
• 8 Love RM. The effect of tissue molecules on bacterial invasion of dentine. Oral Microbiol Immunol 2002; 17: 32-37
• 9 Langeland K, Rodrigues H, Dowden W. Periodontal disease, bacteria, and pulpal histopathology. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1974; 37: 257-270
• 10 Perez F, Calas P, de Falguerolles A, Maurette A. Migration of a Streptococcus sanguis strain through the root dentinal tubules. J Endod 1993; 19: 297-301
• 11 Bergenholtz G, Lindhe J. Effect of experimentally induced marginal periodontitis and periodontal scaling on the dental pulp. J Clin Periodontol 1978; 5: 59-73
• 12 Olgart L, Brannstrom M, Johnson G. Invasion of bacteria into dentinal tubules Experiments in vivo and in vitro. Acta Odontol Scand 1974; 32: 61-70
• 13 Bergenholtz G. Effect of bacterial products on inflammatory reactions in the dental pulp. Scand J Dent Res 1977; 85: 122-129
• 14 Duran I, Sengun A. The long-term effectiveness of five current desensitizing products on cervical dentine sensitivity. J Oral Rehabil 2004; 31: 351-356
• 15 Duran I, Sengun A, Yildirim T, Ozturk B. In vitro dentine permeability evaluation of HEMA-based (desensitizing) products using split-chamber model following in vivo application in the dog. J Oral Rehabil 2005; 32: 34-38
• 16 Imazato S, Imai T, Ebisu S. Antibacterial activity of proprietary self-etching primers. Am J Dent 1998; 11: 106-108
• 17 Imazato S, Kinomoto Y, Tarumi H, Torii M, Russell RR, McCabe JF. Incorporation of antibacterial monomer MDPB into dentin primer. J Dent Res 1997; 76: 768-772
• 18 Beighton D, Lynch E. Comparison of selected microflora of plaque and underlying carious dentine associated with primary root caries lesions. Caries Res 1995; 29: 154-158
• 19 Marsh PMM. Oral microbiology. Fourth ed. New Delhi: Oxford; 1999
• 20 Slots J, Rams TE. New views on periodontal microbiota in special patient categories. J Clin Periodontol 1991; 18: 411-420
• 21 Emilson CG, Bergenholtz G. Antibacterial activity of dentinal bonding agents. Quintessence Int 1993; 24: 511-515
• 22 Herrera M, Castillo A, Baca P, Carrion P. Antibacterial activity of glass-ionomer restorative cements exposed to cavity-producing microorganisms. Oper Dent 1999; 24: 286-291
• 23 Ekenback SB, Linder LE, Lonnies H. Effect of four dental varnishes on the colonization of cariogenic bacteria on exposed sound root surfaces. Caries Res 2000; 34: 70-74
• 24 Vermeersch G, Leloup G, Vreven J. Fluoride release from glass-ionomer cements, compomers and resin composites. J Oral Rehabil 2001; 28: 26-32