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Open Access
CC BY 4.0 · VCOT Open 2019; 02(01): e36-e42
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1691792
Original Article
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Photoelastic Analysis of Two Different Cementless Femoral Stems for Total Hip Arthroplasty in a Canine Model

Fernando Y. K. Kawamoto
1   Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
,
Bruno W. Minto
1   Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
,
Lucia M. I. Diogo
1   Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
,
Luis G. de Faria 
1   Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
,
Antonio C. Shimano
2   Department of Biomechanics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
,
Ana P. Macedo
2   Department of Biomechanics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
,
José A. A. Camassa
3   Department of Veterinary Science, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
,
Luis G. G. G. Dias
1   Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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Publikationsverlauf

13. Oktober 2018

10. April 2019

Publikationsdatum:
06. Juni 2019 (online)

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Abstract

Objectives The aim of this article was to analyse and compare internal stress generated at different points of a femoral photoelastic model after insertion and axial load application using two different cementless femoral stems for total hip arthroplasty in dogs: a collared stem combined with limited textured surface and absence of grooves and a collarless stem with fully textured surface and grooves.

Methods Ten femoral photoelastic models, divided into two groups, were created using two different designs of cementless femoral stems. The models were submitted to axial loading on the femoral head in a universal test machine. The internal stress (kPa) around the femoral stems was evaluated at seven predetermined points using a transmission polariscope.

Results The internal stress at the femoral calcar was larger in the models with collared stem combined with limited textured surface and absence of grooves (p < 0.05). No differences were identified between the groups in the other points (p > 0.05), corresponding to the tip of the stems and proximal lateral region of the femur.

Conclusions The collar of femoral stem combined with the absence of grooves and more limited textured surface increase the axial load transmission to the femoral calcar, and in vivo, it may act to reduce complications, such as subsidence and stress shielding. However, other biomechanical tests and clinical evaluations must be performed to determine other important aspects for the implantation of these prostheses.

Keywords

orthopaedic implants - prostheses - biomechanics

Author Contribution

Fernando Y. K. Kawamoto and Ana P. Macedo contributed to conception of stuyd, study design, acquisition of data and data analysis and interpretation. Bruno W. Minto, Antonio C. Shimano, and José A. A. Camassa contributed to conception of study, study design, and data analysis and interpretation. Lucia M. I. Diogo contributed to conception of study, study design and acquisition of data and data analysis. Luis G. de Faria and Luis G. G. G. Dias contributed to conception of study and study design. All authors drafted, revised and approved the submitted manuscript.