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CC BY 4.0 · Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2019; 41(05): 291-297
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1688708
Original Article
Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Knowledge of Pregnant Adolescents about Human Papillomavirus

Conhecimento de adolescentes gestantes sobre o papilomavírus humano
Erika Zambrano Tanaka 
1   School of Nursing, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
,
Sílvia Souza Kamizaki
1   School of Nursing, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
,
Silvana Maria Quintana
2   Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
,
Rodolfo de Carvalho Pacagnella
3   Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
,
Fernanda Garanhani Surita
3   Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
› Institutsangaben
Weitere Informationen

Publikationsverlauf

25. Mai 2018

04. April 2019

Publikationsdatum:
10. Juni 2019 (online)

   Lizenzen und Reprints

Abstract

Objective To evaluate the level of information possessed by pregnant adolescents regarding the human papillomavirus (HPV).

Methods Descriptive study developed in the adolescent prenatal outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital from the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Data were collected between June and December 2017 following approval from the ethics and research committee (CAAE: 1.887.892/2017). Pregnant adolescents, ≤18 years old, who attended the abovementioned outpatient section, composed the sample. Those diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder and those with hearing or cognitive disabilities were excluded. After acceptance to participate in the present study, the pregnant adolescents signed an Informed Consent Form. Regarding the statistical analysis, the chi-squared test and the Fisher exact test were used.

Results Regarding the knowledge about HPV, 123 (80.92%) of the participants had already heard about the subject; for 77 (50.66%), their schools had been the source of the information; 101 (66.45%) did not know how they could be infected by the virus. Age variation did not influence their knowledge on how to prevent themselves from HPV (p = 0.2562). The variable vaccine is associated with HPV prevention (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion The pregnant adolescents composing the sample have shown to have knowledge about HPV. However, they do not prevent themselves from it appropriately, given that little more than half of the sample was vaccinated, had not reported an understanding that the use of preservatives and vaccination are effective means of prevention, and did not correlate HPV with uterine cervical cancer.

Resumo

Objetivo Avaliar o nível de informação que as adolescentes gestantes possuem em relação ao papilomavírus humano (HPV).

Métodos Estudo descritivo desenvolvido no ambulatório pré-natal adolescente de um hospital terciário do estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados entre junho e dezembro de 2017, após a aprovação do comitê de ética e pesquisa (CAAE: 1.887.892/2017). A amostra foi composta por adolescentes gestantes com ≤ 18 anos que frequentaram o ambulatório. Foram excluídas as com transtorno psiquiátrico diagnosticado e as portadoras de deficiência auditiva ou de cognição. Após aceitarem participar do presente estudo, as adolescentes grávidas assinaram o termo de assentimento e consentimento livre e esclarecido. Para as análises estatísticas, foram utilizados os testes de qui-quadrado e exato de Fisher.

Resultados Em relação ao conhecimento sobre o HPV, 123 (80,92%) já tinham ouvido falar sobre o assunto; destas adolescentes, 77 (50,66%) receberam as informações que tinham através de suas escolas, e 101 (66,45%) pacientes não sabiam como poderiam contrair o vírus. A variação da idade das adolescentes entrevistadas não influenciou se estas sabiam ou não como se prevenir contra o HPV (p = 0,2562). A variável vacina está associada à prevenção contra o HPV (p < 0,0001).

Conclusão As gestantes avaliadas possuem conhecimento sobre o HPV, mas não fazem a prevenção adequada, visto que um pouco mais da metade se vacinaram, não relataram o preservativo e a vacina como métodos eficazes de prevenção, e não relacionaram o HPV com o câncer de colo de útero.

Keywords

adolescent - uterine cervical neoplasms - human papillomavirus

Palavras-chave

adolescente - câncer de colo de útero - papillomavirus humano

Contributors

Tanaka E. Z., Kamizaki S. S., Quintana S. M., Pacagnella R. C. and Surita F. G. contributed with the project and data interpretation, the writing of the article, the critical review of the intellectual content, and with the final approval of the version to be published.


 

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