Bronchial Fistula and Pneumomediastinum after EBUS-TBNA Following Mediastinoscopy

Abstract

Background Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is a very useful diagnostic tool for the assessment of enlarged mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes. It is a safe procedure with a low risk of complications.

Case Description We report a case of bronchial fistula and pneumomediastinum after EBUS-TBNA, which was performed shortly after a mediastinoscopy. Due to the extent of the bronchial lesion, a surgical closure of the bronchial fistula was necessary. The patient recovered completely.

Conclusion The performance of EBUS-TBNA shortly after a mediastinoscopy should not be recommended to avoid possible procedure-related complications.

Keywords

mediastinum (incl. mediastinoscopy) - thoracic surgery - mediastinal lymph nodes - ultrasound (all applications)

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