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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · J Neuroanaesth Crit Care 2019; 06(02): 096-104
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1688406
Review Article
Indian Society of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care

Anoxic Brain Injury: The Abominable Malady

Ajay P. Hrishi
1   Neuroanaesthesia Division, Department of Anaesthesiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
,
Unnikrishnan Prathapadas
1   Neuroanaesthesia Division, Department of Anaesthesiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
,
Karen R. Lionel
2   Department of Anaesthesiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
,
Divya K. Puthanveedu
3   Department of Neurology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
,
Manikandan Sethuraman
1   Neuroanaesthesia Division, Department of Anaesthesiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
› Author Affiliations Funding None
Further Information

Publication History

Received: 22 January 2019

Accepted: 23 February 2019

Publication Date:
09 May 2019 (online)

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Abstract

Anoxic brain injury (ABI) is an important cause of prolonged hospital stay and morbidity across the globe. It is a sequel of major systemic insults resulting from various etiologies, such as reduced oxygen availability, insufficient cerebral blood flow, reduced oxygen carriage, or any metabolic condition that can interfere with the utilization of oxygen. A varying combination of pathophysiologic mechanisms leads to a spectrum of clinical manifestations, the understanding of which will significantly help in prognostication of patients. Neuroprognostication helps both the clinician and the patient's family in planning future course and is further aided by various neuromonitoring modalities, biomarkers, and imaging. Targeted temperature management still remains a therapeutic tool in ABI and along with other neuroprotective measures may improve the survival. Continuing research in ABI may uncover more promising treatment strategies.

Keywords

anoxic brain injury - neuroprognostication - targeted temperature management - hypothermia
 

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