Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is known as “silent epidemic” because of lack of knowledge
about it and its delayed symptoms of memory and cognitive problems. The incidence
is approximately 1.4 million per year in the United States, and in the developing
countries, it is approximately 341 per 100,000. In the United States, the annual productivity
loss due to TBI and its delayed effects is more than $56 billion. TBIs occur mainly
due to traffic accidents and falls. All the age groups are affected, but the rates
are higher in men than in women. The causes vary as per the age groups as traumas
affect mainly children and elderly, and traffic accidents and violence affect more
of adolescents and young adults. Data from various studies indicate wide variation
in the incidence and prevalence of psychiatric disorders after TBI, but they are definitely
higher as compared with general population. We also noted different psychiatric disorders
in post head injury cases during follow-up at our university hospital, which included
depression, behavioral disorders, cognitive disorders, memory impairment, anxiety
disorders, stress-related headache, vertigo, irritability and sleep disorders, etc.
Therefore, this review was undertaken to assess the psychosocial impact of brain injury
on an individual.
Keywords
traumatic brain injury - psychiatric disorders - psychological effects - social effects
