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Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2019; 23(01): 076-084
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1676290
Review Article
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Nerve Tumors: What the MSK Radiologist Should Know

Alberto Stefano Tagliafico
1   Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
2   IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
,
Amanda Isaac
3   Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
4   King's College London, London, United Kingdom
,
Bianca Bignotti
1   Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
,
Federica Rossi
1   Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
,
Federico Zaottini
1   Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
,
Carlo Martinoli
1   Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
2   IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
› Institutsangaben
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Publikationsdatum:
30. Januar 2019 (online)

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Abstract

Nerve tumors are rare and heterogeneous soft tissue tumors arising from a peripheral nerve or showing nerve sheath differentiation. In a radiologic setting it is necessary to recognize soft tissue lesions that are of neural origin, their association with a peripheral nerve, and whether they are a true tumor or a so-called pseudotumor such as a neuroma, fibrolipoma, or peripheral nerve sheath ganglion. Ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging are the best modalities to characterize these lesions. US can be used to guide biopsy in difficult and uncertain cases when the lesion is either indeterminate or possibly malignant. At present, no single imaging feature or reproducible criteria, or a combination, can differentiate reliably between a neurofibroma and a schwannoma or discriminate with certainty between benign and malignant neurogenic tumors. Adequate imaging and consultation with a nerve tumors/sarcoma unit is advised.

Keywords

peripheral nerves - tumors - sarcoma - ultrasound - magnetic resonance imaging
 

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