Abstract
Objective To describe a case of radiation-induced uterine carcinosarcoma 6 years after a cervical
squamous cell carcinoma treatment, which imposed some diagnostic and management challenges.
Case Report A 57-year-old woman with a history of pelvic chemoradiotherapy ∼ 6.5 years before
the event described in this study, following an International Federation of Gynecology
and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IIB cervical cancer, presented with a cervical mass, involving
the uterine cavity, the cervical canal and the upper two thirds of the vagina. The
biopsy showed a poorly differentiated carcinoma, and a positron emission tomography
(PET) scan excluded distant metastasis, although it was unable to define the origin
of the tumor as either a new primary malignancy of the endometrium/cervix or as a
cervical recurrence. Surgical staging procedure was performed, and the diagnosis was
endometrial carcinosarcoma, FIGO stage IIB. The patient was not able to complete the
adjuvant therapy, and the progression of the disease was remarkable.
Conclusion The present case highlights one of the less common but more serious consequences
of radiotherapy for cervical cancer, which has an increasing incidence in younger
women, raising concerns about the long-term consequences of its management.
Keywords
carcinosarcoma - carcinogenesis - cervical cancer - radiation-induced neoplasms -
uterine neoplasms
