Nicht invasive Stimulationsverfahren in der Behandlung der Depression

Zusammenfassung

Depressive Störungen gehören zu den häufigsten Erkrankungen weltweit. Trotz vielfältiger Therapieoptionen stellt die effektive Behandlung noch eine Herausforderung dar. Neben einer Psychotherapie und Psychopharmakotherapie haben sich in den letzten Jahren die „nicht invasiven Stimulationsverfahren“ zu einer weiteren, erfolgsversprechenden Behandlungsalternative entwickelt. Hierzu gehören die repetitive transkranielle Magnetstimulation (rTMS) und die transkranielle Gleichstromstimulation (tDCS). rTMS und tDCS konnten in klinischen Studien ihre antidepressive Wirksamkeit und gute Verträglichkeit nachweisen. Die rTMS kann aufgrund der breiten Datenlage als etabliertes Verfahren zur Depressionsbehandlung angesehen werden. Für den Einsatz der tDCS in der Depressionsbehandlung liegen erste vielversprechende Ergebnisse vor, jedoch ist die Datenbasis noch deutlich geringer als für die rTMS, sodass weitere Studien abgewartet werden müssen, bevor eine endgültige Empfehlung gegeben werden kann.

Summary

Depressive disorders belong to the most frequent health diseases in the world. Despite a broad variety of therapeutic options, treatment stills remains challenging. In the last years, “non-invasive brain stimulation techniques” have been developed as new, promising treatment options. Among them, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) have been shown antidepressant efficacy and safety in clinical studies. Especially, rTMS has been established as an accepted treatment due to the broad evidence of efficacy. In contrast, tDCS has shown some promising results, but further studies are needed before recommendations for use in clinical routine can be made.

Schlüsselwörter

Nicht invasive Stimulationsverfahren - Depression - transkranielle Magnetstimulation - transkranielle Gleichstromstimulation

Keywords

Non-invasive brain stimulation - depression - transkranial magnetic stimulation - direct current stimulation

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