Thrombophilie bei malignen Erkrankungen

Zusammenfassung

Bei Patienten mit malignen Erkrankungen kommt es gehäuft zum Auftreten thromboembolischer Komplikationen. Die Ursachen des erhöhten Thromboserisikos bei Tumorpatienten sind multifaktoriell bedingt; dabei spielen sowohl »allgemeine Risikofaktoren« wie Immobilisation, Operation, Tumorkompression großer Venen eine Rolle wie auch spezifische Risikofaktoren, die auf den Tumor selbst zurückzuführen sind. Beispiel: Cancer-Pro-koagulanzien und Veränderungen, die als Wirtsreaktion auf den Tumor interpretiert werden müssen.

Die bei Patienten mit malignen Erkrankungen beobachteten Veränderungen der Blutgerinnung können nicht nur zum Auftreten thromboembolischer Komplikationen sowie zur allgemeinen Gerinnungsaktivierung beitragen, sondern darüber hinaus Tumorausbreitung und Metastasierung beeinflussen.

Prophylaxe und Therapie thromboembolischer Komplikationen beim Tumorpatienten haben die Patientenspezifischen Risiken zu beachten. Allgemeine Empfehlungen stehen noch aus.

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