Tests for Platelet Changes, Acute Phase Reactants and Serum Lipids in Diabetes mellitus and Peripheral Vascular Disease

B A van Oost; B F E Veldhuyzen; H C van Houwelingen; A P M Timmermans; J J Sixma

doi:10.1055/s-0038-1657283

Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Table of Contents

Thromb Haemost 1982; 48(03): 289-293
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1657283

Original Article

Schattauer GmbH Stuttgart

Tests for Platelet Changes, Acute Phase Reactants and Serum Lipids in Diabetes mellitus and Peripheral Vascular Disease

Authors

B A van Oost

The Department of Haematology, University Hospital Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
B F E Veldhuyzen

The Department of Haematology, University Hospital Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
H C van Houwelingen

^*Department of Mathematical Statistics, State University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
A P M Timmermans

The Department of Haematology, University Hospital Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
J J Sixma

The Department of Haematology, University Hospital Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Abstract

PDF Download

Summary

Platelets tests, acute phase reactants and serum lipids were measured in patients with diabetes mellitus and patients with peripheral vascular disease. Patients frequently had abnormal platelet tests and significantly increased acute phase reactants and serum lipids, compared to young healthy control subjects. These differences were compared with multidiscriminant analysis. Patients could be separated in part from the control subjects with variables derived from the measurement of acute phase proteins and serum lipids. Platelet test results improved the separation between diabetics and control subjects, but not between patients with peripheral vascular disease and control subjects. Diabetic patients with severe retinopathy frequently had evidence of platelet activation. They also had increased acute phase reactants and serum lipids compared to diabetics with absent or nonproliferative retinopathy. In patients with peripheral vascular disease, only the fibrinogen concentration was related to the degree of vessel damage by arteriography.

Keywords

Diabetes mellitus - Peripheral vascular disease - Platelet density - β-thromboglobulin

PDF (1118 kb)

References

References
1 Baumgartner HR, Muggli R. In: Platelets in Biology and Pathology. Gordon JL. Elsevier; Amsterdam: 1976: 23-60
2 Ross R, Glomset J, Kariya B, Harker LA. A platelet-dependent serum factor that stimulates the proliferation of arterial smooth muscle cells in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci 1974; 71: 1207-1211
3 Goldberg ID, Stemerman MB, Handin RI. Vacular Permeation of Platelet Factor 4 after endothelial injury. Science 1980; 209: 611-612
4 Friedman RJ, Stemerman MB, Wenz B, Moore S, Gouldie J, Gent M, Tiell ML, Spaet TH. The effect of Thrombocytopenia on Experimental Arteriosclerotic Lesion Formation in Rabbits. J Clin Invest 1977; 60: 1191-1201
5 Buchanan MR, Carter CJ, Hirsch J. Decreased Platelet Thrombogenicity in Association with Increased Platelet Turnover and Vascular Damage. Blood 1979; 54: 1369-1375
6 Harker LA, Hanson SR. Experimental Arterial Thromboembolism in Baboons. J Clin Invest 1979; 64: 559-569
7 Goldsmith HL. The Flow of Model Particles and Blood Cells and its relation to Thrombogenesis. In: Progress in Haemostasis and Thrombosis. Spaet TH. (ed.). vol 1 Grune & Stratton; New York: 1972: 79-139
8 van Oost BA, van Hien-Hagg IH, Veldhuyzen BFE, Timmermans APM, Sixma JJ. Determination of the density distribution of human platelets. Thromb Haemostas 1982; 47: 239-243
9 Wu KK, Hoak JC. A new method for the quantitative detection of platelet aggregates in patients with arterial insufficiency. Lancet 1974; 2: 924-926
10 Mielke CH, Kaneshiro MM, Maher LA, Weiner JM, Rapaport SI. The standardized normal Ivy bleeding time and its prolongation by aspirin. Blood 1969; 34: 204-215
11 Bouma BN. A modification of the immunochemical determination of split products described by Nilehn. Scand J Haematol 1971; 13 suppl 391-392
12 Over J, Bouma BN, van Mourik JA, Sixma JJ, Vlooswijk RAA, Bakker-Woudenberg I. Heterogeneity of human factor VIII. I. Characterization of factor VIII present in the supernatant of cryopre-cipitate. J Lab Clin Med 1978; 91: 32-46
13 Snedecor GW, Cochran WG. Statistical Methods. Iowa State University Press; Ames, Iowa: 6. 1967
14 Anderson TW. An introduction to Multivariate Statistical Analysis. J. Wiley & Sons; New York: 1958
15 Garg SK, Lackner H, Karpatkin S. The increased Percentage of Megathrombocytes in Various Clinical Disorders. Ann Int Med 1972; 77: 361-369
16 Colwell JA, Sagel J, Crook L, Chambers A, Laimins M. Correlation of Platelet Aggregation. Plasma Factor Activity and Megathrombocytes in Diabetic Subjects with and without Vascular Disease. Metabolism 1977; 26: 279-285
17 Colwell JA, Halushka PV. Platelet Function in diabetes mellitus. Br J Haematol 1980; 44: 521-526
18 Tindall H, Paton RC, Zuzel M, McNicol GP. Platelet life-span in diabetics with and without retinopathy. Thromb Res 1981; 21: 641-648
19 Mustard JF, Packham MA. Platelets and diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 1977; 297: 1345-1347
20 Colwell JA, Halushka PV, Sarji K, Levine J, Sagel J, Nair RMG. Altered Platelet Function in Diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 1976; 25: 826-831
21 Kwaan HC, Colwell JA, Cruz S, Suwanwela N, Dobbie JG. Increased platelet aggregation in diabetes mellitus. J Lab Clin Med 1972; 80: 236-246
22 Bensoussan D, Levy-Toledano S, Passa P, Caen J, Canicet J. Platelet Hyperaggregation and Increased Plasma Level of Von Willebrand Factor in Diabetics with Retinopathy. Diabetologica 1975; 11: 307-312
23 Halushka PV, Larie D, Colwell JA. Increased synthesis of prostag-landin-E-like in material by platelets from patients with diabetes mellitus. N Eng J Med 1977; 297: 1306-1310
24 Halushka PV, Rogers RC, Loadholt CB, Colwell JA. Increased platelet thromboxane synthesis in diabetes mellitus. J Lab Clin Med 1981; 97: 87-96
25 Lagarde M, Burtin M, Berciaud P, Blanc M, Velardo B, Dechavanne M. Increase of platelet thromboxane A₂ formation of its plasmatic half-life in diabetes mellitus. Thromb Res 1980; 19: 823-830
26 Rendu F, Nurden AT, Lebret M, Caen JP. Relationship between Mepacrine-Labelled Dense Body Number, Platelet Capacity to Accumulate ¹⁴C-5-HT and Platelet Density in the Bemard-Soulier and Hermansky Pudlak Syndromes. Thromb Haemostas 1979; 42: 694-704
27 Celia G, Zahavi J, de Haas HA, Kakkar VV. β-Thromboglobulin, Platelet Production Time and Platelet Function in Vascular Disease. Br J Haematol 1979; 43: 127-136
28 Boughton BJ, Allington MJ, King A. Platelet and Plasma β-thromboglobulin in Myeloproliferative Syndromes and Secondary Thrombocytosis. Br J Haematol 1978; 40: 125-132
29 Bolton AE, Amess JAL, Lekhwani CP, Elliott P. β-Thromboglobulin Content of Human Blood Platelets. Scand J Haematol 1980; 25: 25-29
30 O’Brien JR, Etherington MD. An Inverse Relation between Platelet Factor 4 in the Platelet and in the Plasma. Thromb Haemostas 1976; 36: 649-651
31 O’Brien JR. “Exhausted” platelets continue to circulate. The Lancet 1978; 2: 1316-1317
32 Dormandy JA, Hoare E, Colley J, Arrowsmith DE, Dormandy TL. Clinical, Haemodynamic, Rheological and Biochemical Findings in 126 Patients with Intermittent Claudication. Br Med J 1973; 4: 576-581
33 Dormandy JA, Hoare E, Khattab AH, Arrowsmith DE, Dormandy TL. Prognostic Significance of Rheological and Biochemical Findings in Patients with intermittent Claudication. Br Med J 1973; 2: 581-583
34 Fuller JH, Keen H, Jarret RJ, Omer T, Meade TW, Chakrabarti R, North WRS, Stirling Y. Haemostatic variables associated with diabetes and its complication. Br J Med 1979; 2: 964-966
35 Coller BS, Frank RN, Milton RC, Gralnick HR. Plasma Cofactors of Platelet Function: Correlation with Diabetic Retinopathy and Hemoglobins A_1a-c . Ann Int Med 1978; 88: 311-316
36 Jones RL, Peterson CM. Reduced Fibrinogen Survival in Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Invest 1979; 63: 485-493
37 Bern MM, Cassani MP, Horton J, Rand L, Davis G. Changes in fibrinolysis and factor VIII coagulant, antigen, and ristocetin cofactor in diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. Thromb Res 1980; 19: 831-839
38 Boneu B, Sie P, Caranobe C, Lefebvre D, Pradere B, Bastide G. Platelet Density, 5 HT Organelles and Production Time in Chronic Artritis of the Lower Limbs. Thromb Haemostas 1980; 44: 167
39 Gensini GF, Abbate R, Favilla S, Neri Serneri GG. Changes of Platelet Function and Blood Clottting in Diabetes mellitus. Thromb Haemostas 1979; 42: 983-993
40 Meade TW, Chakrabarti R, Haines AP, North WRS, Stirling Y. Characteristics affecting fibrinolytic activity and plasma fibrinogen concentrations. Br Med J 1979; 1: 153-156
41 Meade TW, North WRS, Chakrabarti R, Stirling Y, Haines AP, Thompson SG. Haemostatic function and cardiovascular death: early results of a prospective study. Lancet 1980; 1: 1050-1053
42 Levy RI. Cholesterol, Lipoproteins, Apoproteins, and Heart Disease: Present Status and Future Prospects. Clin Chem 1981; 27: 635-662
43 White GC, Marouf AA. Platelet factor 4 levels in patients with coronary artery disease. J Lab Clin Med 1981; 97: 369-377
44 Cambell IW, Dawes J, Frazer DM, Pepper DS, Clarke BF, Duncan LJP, Cash JD. Plasma β-Thromboglobulin in Diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 1977; 26: 1175-1177
45 Burrows AW, Chavin SI, Hockaday TDR. Plasma-thromboglobulin concentrations in diabetes mellitus. Lancet 1978; 1: 235-237
46 Borsey DQ, Dawes J, Frazer DM, Prowse CV, Elton RA, Clarke BF. Plasma Beta-thromboglobulin in Diabetes mellitus. Diabetologica 1980; 18: 353-357
47 Preston FE, Ward JD, Marcola BH, Porter NR, Timperley WR, O’Malley BC. Elevated β-thromboglobulin levels and circulating platelet aggregates in diabetic microangiopathy. Lancet 1978; 1: 238-239
48 Matthews JH, O’Connor JF, Hearnshaw JR, Wood JK. Beta-Thromboglobulin and Glycosylated Haemoglobin in Diabetes mellitus. Scand J Haematol 1979; 23: 421-426
49 Depperman D, Andrassy K, Seelig H, Ritz E, Post D. Beta-Thromboglobulin is elevated in renal failure without thrombosis. Thromb Res 1980; 17: 63-69
50 Kaplan KL, Owen J. Plasma Levels of β-Thromboglobulin and Platelet Factor 4 as Indices of Platelet Activation in Vivo. Blood 1981; 57: 199-202
51 O’Malley BC, Timperley WR, Ward JD, Porter NR, Preston FE. Platelet Abnormalities in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Lancet 1975; 2: 1274-1276