Thromb Haemost 1979; 42(05): 1652-1660
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1657071
Symposium on Platelet Macromolecules
Schattauer GmbH Stuttgart

Complete Covalent Structure of Human Platelet Factor 4[*]

Francis J Morgan
The St. Vincent’s School of Medical Research and University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Fitzroy, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
,
Geoffrey S Begg
The St. Vincent’s School of Medical Research and University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Fitzroy, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
,
Colin N Chesterman
The St. Vincent’s School of Medical Research and University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Fitzroy, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
18 February 2019 (online)

Summary

The amino acid sequence of the subunit of human platelet factor 4 has been determined. Human platelet factor 4 consists of identical subunits containing 70 amino acids, each with a molecular weight of 7,756. The molecule contains no methionine, phenylalanine or tryptophan. The proposed amino acid sequence of PF4 is: Glu-Ala-Glu-Glu-Asp-Gly-Asp-Leu-Gln-Cys-Leu-Cys-Val-Lys-Thr-Thr-Ser- Gln-Val-Arg-Pro-Arg-His-Ile-Thr-Ser-Leu-Glu-Val-Ile-Lys-Ala-Gly-Pro-His-Cys-Pro-Thr-Ala-Gin- Leu-Ile-Ala-Thr-Leu-Lys-Asn-Gly-Arg-Lys-Ile-Cys-Leu-Asp-Leu-Gln-Ala-Pro-Leu-Tyr-Lys-Lys- Ile-Ile-Lys-Lys-Leu-Leu-Glu-Ser. From consideration of the homology with p-thromboglobulin, disulphide bonds between residues 10 and 36 and between residues 12 and 52 can be inferred.

* Presented at the Vlth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Philadelphia, U.S.A


 
  • References

  • 1 Barber AJ, Käser-Glanzmann R, Jakabova M, Lüscher EF. 1972; Characterization of a chondroitin 4-sulfate proteoglycan carrier for heparin neturalizing activity (Platelet Factor 4) released from human blood platelets. Biochemica et Biophysica Acta 286: 312
  • 2 Begg GS, Pepper DS, Chesterman CN, Morgan FJ. 1978; Complete covalent structure of human β-thromboglobulin. Biochemistry 17: 1739
  • 3 Bolton AE, Ludlam CA, Pepper DS, Moore S, Cash JD. 1976; A radioimmunoassay for platelet factor 4. Thrombosis Research 8: 51
  • 4 Bornstein P, Balian G. 1970; The specific nonenzymatic cleavage of bovine ribonuclease with hydroxylamine. Journal of Biological Chemistry 245: 4854
  • 5 Brandt WF, Edman P, Henschen A, Von Holt C. 1976; Abnormal behaviour of proline in the isothiocyanate degradation. Hoppe-Seyler’s Zeitschrift f�r Physiologische Chemie 357: 1505
  • 6 Braunitzer G, Schrank B, Ruhfus A. 1971; Zur vollständigen automatischen Sequenzanalyse von Peptiden mit Quadrol. Hoppe-Seyler’s Zeitschrift f�r Physiologische Chemie 352: 1730
  • 7 Deuel TF, Keim PS, Farmer M, Heinrikson RL. 1977; Amino acid sequence of human platelet factor 4. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) 74: 2256
  • 8 Dixon HB V, Perham RN. 1968; Reversible blocking of amino groups with citraconic anhydride. Biochemical Journal 109: 312
  • 9 Edman P, Begg G. 1967; A protein sequenator. European Journal of Biochemistry 1: 80
  • 10 Edman P, Henschen A. 1975. Sequence determination. In: Needleman S. (Ed.) Protein Sequence Determination. Springer Verlag; Berlin - Heidelberg - New York:
  • 11 Hayashi R, Moore S, Stein WH. 1973; Carboxypeptidase from yeast. Journal of Biological Chemistry 248: 2296
  • 12 Henschen A, Lottspeich F, Sekita T, Warbinek R. 1976; Amino add sequence of human fibrin. Preliminary note on the order of peptides obtained by cleaving the X-chain at the methionyl and arginyl bonds Hoppe-Seyler’s Zeitschrift fur Physiologische Chemie 357: 605
  • 13 Hermodson M, Schmer G, Kurachi K. 1977; Isolation, crystallization and primary amino acid sequence of human platelet factor 4. Journal of Biological Chemistry 252: 6276
  • 14 Hirs CH W. 1967; Reduction and S-carboxymethylation of proteins. Methods in Enzymology 11: 199
  • 15 Kaplan KL, Broekman MJ, Chernoff A, Lesznik GR, Drillings M. 1979; Platelet a-granule proteins: studies on release and subcellular localisation. Blood 53: 604
  • 16 Käser-Glanzmann R, Jakabova A, LüScher EF. 1972; Isolation and some properties of heparin-neutralizing factor (PF4) released from human blood platelets. Experientia 28: 1221
  • 17 Moore S, Pepper SD, Cash JD. 1975; Platelet antiheparin activity. The isolation and characterisation of platelet factor 4 released from thrombin-aggregated washed human platelets and its dissociation into subunits and the isolation of membrane-bound antiheparin activity Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 379: 370
  • 18 Morgan FJ, Begg GS, Chesterman CN. 1977; a Primary structure of human platelet factor 4. Thrombosis and Haemostasis 38: 231
  • 19 Morgan FJ, Chesterman CN, Mcgready JR, Begg GS. 1977; b Studies on the chemistry of human platelet factor 4. Haemostasis 6: 53
  • 20 Niewiarowski S, Poplawski A, Lipinski B, Farbiszewski K. 1968; The release of platelet clotting factors during aggregation and viscous metamorphosis. Experimental Biology and Medicine 3: 121
  • 21 Pisano JJ, Bronzert TJ. 1969; Analysis of amino acid phenylthiohydantoins by gas chromatography. Journal of Biological Chemistry 244: 5597
  • 22 Ross R, Glomset J, Kariya B, Harker L. 1974; A platelet-dependent serum factor that stimulates the proliferation of arterial smooth muscle cells in vitro. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) 71: 1207
  • 23 Rucinski B, Niewiarowski S, Pranee J, Walz DA, Budzynski AZ. 1979; Antiheparin proteins secreted by human platelets. Purification, characterization, and radioimmunoassay Blood 43: 47
  • 24 Takagi T, Nakamura S, Hokama Y, Miyata T, Niwa M, Iwanaga S. 1979; The primary structure of horseshoe crab (Tachypleus tridentatus) coagulogen and its homologies with platelet factor 4. Thrombosis and Haemostasis 42: 272
  • 25 Varma KG, Paul D, James P, Rucinski B, Niewiarowski S. 1979; Mitogenic activity of platelet secretory proteins. Federation Proceedings 38: 1206
  • 26 Walz DA, Wu VU, De Lamo R, Dene H, Mccoy LE. 1977; Primary structure of human platelet factor 4. Thrombosis Research 11: 893
  • 27 Witte LD, Kaplan KL, Nossel HL, Lages BA, Weiss HJ, Goodman De WS. 1978; Studies of the release from human platelets of the growth factor for cultured human arterial smooth muscle cells. Circulation Research 42: 402