Zur Ätiologie der Atherosklerose

• LITERATUR

• 1 Statistisches Jahrbuch, Fachserie 12 (Gesundheitswesen), Reihe 4 (Todesursachen). Hrsg: Statistisches Bundesamt, Wiesbaden. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart, Mainz 1980
• 2 Eigene Schätzungen nach Angaben
• 3 a) Verband Deutscher Rentenversicherungsträger, Frankfurt am Main, Statistik Band 52
• 4 b) Bundesarbeitsblatt 3/79
• 5 c) Statistisches Jahrbuch 1980. Hrsg. Statistisches Bundesamt Wiesbaden. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart, Mainz 1980
• 6 Pooling Project Research Group Relationship of blood pressure serum cholesterol, smoking habits, relative weight and ECG abnormalities to incidence of major coronary events: Final report of the Pooling Project. J. Chron. Dis. 1978; 31: 201.
• 7 Schettler G. Atherosklerosis the main problem of the industrial societies. In: Schettler, G., Y. Goto, Y. Hata, G. Klose (Hrsg.): Atherosclerosis IV. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg; New York: 21 1977
• 8 Schettler G., Nüssel E., Buchholz L. Epidemiological research in Western Europe. Atherosclerosis Rev. 3, R. Paoletti, A. M. Gotto, Jr. (Hrsg.). Raven Press; New York: 1978: 201
• 9 Stamler J. Research related to risk factors. Circulation 1979; 60: 1575.
• 10 Blackburn H. Risk factors and cardiovascular disease. In: The American Heart Association Heart Book. Dutton E. P. New York: 1980: 1
• 11 Epstein F. H. How much coronary heart disease is "explained" by currently known risk factors and therefore preventable? In: "Changes of the medical panorama". Proceedings of the International Kronberg Symposium. Schettler, G., J. Drews, H. Greten (Hrsg.). Thieme, Stuttgart 1978; 84.
• 12 Epstein F. H., Gutzweiler F., Howald H., Junod B., Schweizer W. Prävention der Atherosklerose: Grundlagen heute. Schweiz. med. Wschr. 1979; 109: 1171.
• 13 Epstein F. H. Epidemiologie des Herzinfarktes. Therapiewoche 1979; 29: 7564.
• 14 Epstein F. H. Highlights of epidemiological research in Western countries. In: Atherosclerosis IV, Schettler, G., Y. Gotto, G. Klose (Hrsg.). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg; New York: 471 1977
• 15 Kannel W. B., Castelli W. P., Gordon T., McNamara P. M. Serum cholesterol. lipoproteins, and the risk of coronary heart disease. The Framingham study. Ann. Intern. Med. 1971; 74: 1.
• 16 Levy R. I. Progress toward prevention of cardiovascular disease. A 30-year retrospective. Circulation 1979; 60: 1555.
• 17 Logan R. L., Riemersma R. A., Thompson M., Oliver M. F., Olsson A. G., Wali-dius G., Rössner S., Kaijser L., Callmer E., Carlson L. A., Lockerbie L., Lutz W. Risk factors for ischaemic heart disease in normal men aged 40. Lancet 1978; 1: 949.
• 18 Oliver M. T., Nimmo I. A., Cooke M., Carlson L. A., Olsson A. G. Ischaemic heart disease and associated risk factors in 40-year-old men in Edinburgh and Stockholm. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 1975; 5: 507.
• 19 Hopkins P. N., Williams R. R. A survey of 246 suggested coronary risk factors. Atherosclerosis 1981; 40: 1.
• 20 Schettler G. Pathophysiologie. Klinik und prognostische Bedeutung der Hyperlipo-proteinämien. Dtsch. Ärzteblatt 661 m 1980
• 21 Kannel W. B., Castelli W. P., Gordon T. Cholesterol in the prediction of atherosclerotic disease. New perspective based on Framingham study. Ann. Intern. Med. 1979; 90: 85.
• 22 Assmann G. Eigene Untersuchungen. in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Institut für Arte-rioskleroseforschung an der Universität Münster und dem Sozial-medizinischen Dienst der Bundesknappschaft, Moers.
• 23 Assmann G., Oberwitter W., Schulte H., Schriewer H., Funke H., Epping P. H., Hauss W. H. Prädikation und Früherkennung der koronaren Herzkrankheit. Prospektive epidemiologische Studie bei Betriebsangehörigen im Raum Westfalen. Internist 1980; 21: 446.
• 24 Assmann G., Schulte H. Prediction and early detection of coronary heart disease. In: Second Münster International Arteriosclerosis Symposium. Clinical implications of recent research results in arteriosclerosis (Hrsg. W. H. Hauss). Abhandlungen der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Westdeutscher Verlag, Opladen, im Druck 1982
• 25 Assmann G., Schriewer H., Juchem K. H. Zur Rolle des HDL-Cholesterin in der Präventivmedizin. Therapiewoche 1981; 31: 5563.
• 26 Bettinger H., Bergdolt H., Büchler G., Buchholz L., Erbschner A. J., Nüssel E., Rotzler A., Schlesinger H., Weiss G. Zwischenbericht des WHO-Herzkreislaufvor-sorgeprojektes in Eberbach/Wiesloch 1978. Nüssel E., Buchholz L., Bergdolt H. , Erbschner H. J., Kurz E. Übergewicht und Risikofaktoren bei 30- bis 60jährigen Männern und Frauen. Lab. med. 3 III 1979
• 27 Epstein F. H. Estimating the effectiveness of preventive measures to reduce coronary heart disease risk. In: International Conference on Atherosclerosis. Carlson, L. A. et al. (Hrsg.). Raven Press; New York: 1978: 351
• 28 Epstein F. H. Role of HDL in individual prediction and community prevention of coronary heart disease. In: Atherosclerosis V, Gotto, A. M. Jr., L. C. Smith, B. Allen (Hrsg.). Springer, New York, Berlin, Heidelberg: 1980: 484
• 29 Epstein F. H. Die Lipidtheorie: Epidemiologische Evidenz. Therapeutische Umschau 1980; 37: 947.
• 30 Small D. M. Summary of concepts concerning the arterial wall and its atherosclerosis lesions. In: Atherosclerosis V., Gotto, A. M. et al. (Hrsg.). New York, Heidelberg, Berlin: 1980: 520
• 31 Ross R., Harker L. Hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. Science 1976; 193: 1094.
• 32 Gibson J. B., Carson N. A. J., Neill D. W. Pathologic findings in homocystinuria. J. Clin. Path. 1964; 77: 427.
• 33 Hüttner I., Boutet M., More R. H. Studies on protein passage through arterial endothelium. I. Structural correlates of permeability in rat arterial endothelium. Lab. Invest. 1973; 288: 627.
• 34 Simionescu N., Simionescu M., Pala-de G. E. Permeability of muscle capillaries to small heme-peptides; evidence for the existence of patent transendothelial channels. J. Cell. Biol. 1975; 64: 5886.
• 35 Simionescu M., Simionescu N., Pala-de G. E. Segmental differentiations of intercellular junctions in the vascular endothelium: Arteries and veins. J. Cell. Biol. Suppl. 67.
• 36 Schwartz C. G., Gerrity R. G., Lewis I. J. Arterial endothelial structure and function with particular reference to permeability. In: Atherosclerosis Reviews 3, Paoletti, R., A. M. Gotto Jr. (Hrsg.). Raven Press; New York: 109 1976
• 37 Stein Y., Stein O. Lipid synthesis and degradation and lipoprotein transport in mammalian aorta. Ciba Found. Symp. 1973; 12: 165.
• 38 Stein O., Stein Y., Eisenberg S. Aradioau-tographic study of the transport of 125-1.-labelled serum lipoproteins in rat aorta. Z. Zeilforsch. 1973; 138: 223.
• 39 Ross R., Glomset J. A. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. New Engl. J. Med. 1976; 295: 369.
• 40 Furster V., Bowie E. J., Lewis J. C., Fass D. N., Owen C. A., Brown A. L. Resistance to arteriosclerosis in pigs with von Wille-brand's disease. Spontaneous and high cholesterol diet-induced arteriosclerosis. J. Clin. Invest. 1978; 62: 722.
• 41 Silver J., Cronberg S., Nilsson I. M. Occurrence of arteriosclerosis in von Willebrand's disease. Acta med. scand. 1966; 180: 475.
• 42 Ross R., Glomset J. A. Atherosclerosis and the arterial smooth muscle cell. Proliferation of smooth muscle is a key event in the genesis of the lesions of atherosclerosis. Science 1973; 180: 1332.
• 43 Titus J. L., Weilbaecher D. G. Smooth muscle cells in atherosclerosis. In: Athero-sclerosis V., Gotto, A. M. et al. (Hrsg.) Springer; New York: 126 1980
• 44 Wissler R. W. The arterial medial cell smooth muscle or multifunctional mesenchyme?. J. Atherosclerosis Res. 1968; 8: 201.
• 45 Wissler R. W. The artery wall and the pathogenesis of progressive atherosclerosis. In: Atherosclerosis V., Gotto, A. M. et al. (Hrsg.). Springer; New York: 126 1980
• 46 Tikes J. L., Weilbaecher D. G. Smooth muscle cells in atherosclerosis. In: Gotto et al. (Hrsg.): Atherosclerosis V. Springer; New York: 126 1980
• 47 Baumgartner H.-R. Zur Pathogenese der Atherosklerose. Beitrag aus zellbiologischer Sicht. Schweiz. med. Wschr. 1977; 107: 717.
• 48 Baumgartner H.-R., Studer A. Smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration after removal of arterial endothelium in rabbits. In: G. Schettler et al. (Hrsg.): Atherosclerosis, is it reversible? Springer; Berlin: 1978
• 49 McCullagh K. G., Duance V. C., Bishop K. A. The distribution of collagen types I III and V (AB) in normal and atherosclerotic human aorta. J. Path. 1980; 130: 45.
• 50 Feigl W. Reaktionsformen der glatten Muskelzelle der menschlichen Arterienwand - ihre Bedeutung für die Atherosklerose. Wien. med. Wschr. 1975; 87: 574.
• 51 Feigl W., Losert U., Puffer P., Sinzinger H., Weisskirchner R. Zur Frage der Genese und weiteren Ausbildung einer arteriellen Neointima im Tierexperiment. Atherogene-se 1979; 4: 41.
• 52 Smith E. B., Slater R. S. Relationship between low-density lipoprotein in aortic intima and serum lipid levels. Lancet 1972; 1: 463.
• 53 Goldstein J. L., Brown M. S. Binding and degradation of low density lipoproteins by cultured human fibroblasts: Comparison of cells from a normal subject and from a patient with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. J. Biol. Chem. 1974; 249: 5153.
• 54 Brown M. S., Faust J. R., Goldstein J. L. Role of low density lipoprotein receptor in regulating the content of free and esterified cholesterol in human fibroblasts. J. clin. Invest. 1975; 55: 783.
• 55 Goldstein J. L., Anderson R. G. W., Buja L. M., Basu S. K., Brown M. S. Overloading human aortic smooth muscle cells with low density lipoprotein-cholesteryl esters reproduces features of atherosclerosis in vitro. J. clin. Invest. 1977; 59: 1196.
• 56 Basu S. A., Anderson R. G. W., Goldstein J. L., Brown M. S. Metabolism of cationized lipoproteins by human fibroblasts. J. Cell. Biol. 1977; 74: 119.
• 57 Schaefer H.-E., Assmann G. Bedeutung der Makrophagen für die Genese der Arteriosklerose. Münch. med. Wschr. 1980; 122: 228.
• 58 Gaton E., Wolman W. The role of smooth muscle cells and hematogenous macrophages in atheroma. J. Path. 1977; 123: 123.
• 59 Mahley R. W. Atherogenic hyperlipoproteinemia: The cellular and molecular biology of plasma lipoproteins altered by dietary fat and cholesterol. In: Hebel, R. H. (Hrsg.): Medical Clinics of North America: Lipid Disorders Academic Press; New York, im Druck.:
• 60 Mahley R. W., Innerarity T. L., Weisgraber K. H., Fry D. L. Canine hyperlipoproteinemia and atherosclerosis. Accumulation of lipid by aortic medial cells in vivo and in vitro. Amer. J. Pathol. 1977; 87: 205.
• 61 Mahley R. W., Hohnson D. K., Pucak G. J., Fry D. L. Atherosclerosis in the erythroce-bus patas an old world monkey. Amer. J. Pathol. 1980; 98: 401.
• 62 Schaffner R., Taylor K., Vartucci E. J., Fischer-Dzoga K., Beeson J. H., Glasgov S., Wissler R. W. Arterial foam cells with distinctive immunoamorphologic and histochemi-cal features of macrophages. Amer. J. Pathol. 1980; 100: 57.
• 63 Ho Y. K., Brown M. S., Ho Y. K., Goldstein J. L. Hydrolysis and excretion of cytoplasmic cholesteryl esters by macrophages: Stimulation by high density lipoprotein and other agents. J. Lipid. Res. 1980; 21: 391.
• 64 Basu S. K., Brown M. S., Ho Y. K., Goldstein J. L. Degradation of low density lipo-protein-dextran sulfate complexes associated with deposition of cholesteryl esters in mouse macrophages. J. Biol. Chem. 1979; 254: 7141.
• 65 Fogelman A. M., Schechter I., Seager J., Hokom M., Child J. S., Edwards P. A. Malon-aldehyde alteration of low density lipoproteins leads to cholesteryl ester accumulation in human monocyte macrophages. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (USA) 1980; 77: 2214.
• 66 Mahley R. W., Innerarity T. L., Brown M. S., Ho Y. K., Goldstein J. L. Cholesteryl ester synthesis in macrophages: Stimulation by ß-very low density lipoproteins from cholesterol-fed animals of several species. J. lipid Res. 1980; 21: 970.
• 67 Shechter I., Fogelman A. M., Ha-berland M. W., Seager J., Hokom M., Edwards P. A. The metabolism of native and ma-londialdehyde-altered low density lipoproteins by human monocyte-macrophages. J. Lipid Res. 1981; 22: 63.
• 68 Mistry P. M., Miller N. E., Laker M., Hazzard W. R., Lewis B. Individual variation in the effects of dietary cholesterol in plasma lipoproteins and cellular cholesterol homeostasis in man - studies on low density lipoproteins receptor activity and 3-hydro-xy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase activity in blood mononuclear cells. J. clin. Invest. 1981; 67: 493.
• 69 Pitas R. W., Innerarity T. L., Weinstein J. N., Mahley R. W. Acetoacetylated lipoproteins used to distinguish fibroblasts from macrophages in vitro by fluorescence microscopy. Arteriosclerosis 1981; 1: 177.
• 70 Smith J. B., Ingerman C. M., Silver M. J. Malondialdehyde formation as an indicator of prostaglandin production of human platelets. J. Lab. clin. Med. 1976; 88: 167.
• 71 Assmann G. Tangier disease and the possible role of high density lipoproteins in atherosclerosis. In: Paoletti, R., A. M. Gotto Jr. (Hrsg.): Atherosclerosis Rev. 6 Raven Press; New York: 1 1978
• 72 Hauss W. H. Pathogenese und medikamentöse Therapie der Koronarinsuffizienz. Internist. Prax. 1982; 22: 15.
• 73 Hauss W. H. Über die Rolle des Mesenchyms in der Genese der Arteriosklerose. Virchows Archiv Abt. A, Path. Anat. 1973; 359: 135.
• 74 Benditt E. P. Implications of the monoclonal character of human atherosclerotic plaques. Amer. J. Pathol. 1977; 86: 693.
• 75 Benditt E. P., Benditt J. M. Evidence for a monoclonal origin of human atherosclerotic plaques. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (USA) 1973; 70: 1753.