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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 23(01): 001-006
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1649491
Original Research
Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

The Relationship between the Etiology of Profound Prelingual Sensorineural Hearing Loss and the Results of Vestibular-Evoked Myogenic Potentials

Alice Andrade Takeuti
1   Division of Education and Rehabilitation of Communication Disorders (Derdic), Speech Therapy Department, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
,
Ana Paula Sousa Correa
1   Division of Education and Rehabilitation of Communication Disorders (Derdic), Speech Therapy Department, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
,
Elisa Morais Leao
1   Division of Education and Rehabilitation of Communication Disorders (Derdic), Speech Therapy Department, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
,
Mariana Lopes Favero
1   Division of Education and Rehabilitation of Communication Disorders (Derdic), Speech Therapy Department, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

06 December 2017

18 March 2018

Publication Date:
05 July 2018 (online)

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Abstract

Introduction Cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMPs) are biphasic, short latency potentials, which represent the inhibition of the contraction of the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) mediated by the saccule, the inferior vestibular nerve, the vestibular nuclei and the medial vestibular spinal tract.

Objective To evaluate the response of cVEMPs in individuals with profound prelingual bilateral cochlear hearing loss.

Methods A prospective case-control study. A total of 64 volunteers, divided into a study group (31 patients with profound prelingual sensorineural hearing loss) and a control group (33 subjects matched for age and gender with psychoacoustic thresholds of ≤ 25 dB HL between 500 and 8,000 Hz) were submitted to the cVEMP exam. The causes of hearing loss were grouped by etiology and the involved period.

Results The subjects of the study group are more likely to present changes in cVEMPs compared to the control group (35.5% versus 6.1% respectively; p = 0.003), with an odds ratio (OR) of 8.52 (p = 0.009). It means that they had 8.52-fold higher propensity of presenting altered cVEMP results. There were no statistically significant differences between the latencies, the interamplitude and the asymmetry index. Regarding the etiology, there was a statistically significant difference when the cause was infectious, with an OR of 15.50 (p = 0.005), and when the impairment occurred in the prenatal period, with an OR of 9.86 (p = 0.009).

Conclusion The present study showed abnormalities in the sacculocolic pathway in a considerable portion of individuals with profound prelingual sensorineural hearing loss due to infectious and congenital causes, as revealed by the cVEMP results.

Keywords

Vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials - hearing loss - prelingual deafness - deafness
 

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