Metabolische Nebenwirkungen antipsychotischer Therapie

Zusammenfassung

Seit der Einführung der so genannten atypischen Antipsychotika erhalten metabolische Nebenwirkungen von Psychopharmaka zunehmend Aufmerksamkeit. Es gibt Hinweise darauf, dass schizophrene Psychosen mit einem erhöhten Risiko für Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 assoziiert sind. Ebenso muss angenommen werden, dass die Behandlung mit konventionellen Antipsychotika zu einem erhöhten Risiko für Diabetes beiträgt. Überwiegend retrospektive Studien zeigen, dass atypische Antipsychotika in unterschiedlichem Ausmaß zu einer zusätzlichen Erhöhung des Risikos für Diabetes und Dyslipidämie beitragen. Zum jetzigen Zeitpunkt kann nicht von einem »Klasseneffekt« von atypischen Antipsychotika ausgegangen werden. Regelmäßige Befragung nach Symptomen des Diabetes und Laborkontrollen müssen bei allen schizophrenen Patienten unabhängig von der Behandlung durchgeführt werden.

Summary

Since the introduction of atypical antipsychotics, increasing attention is being paid to metabolic sequelae of psychopharmacological treatment. There is evidence that schizophrenia is associated with diabetes mellitus, type 2. Moreover, treatment with conventional antipsychotics is thought to contribute to an increased risk for diabetes. A number of for the most part retrospective studies shows atypical antipsychotics to contribute in varying degree to an additional risk for developing diabetes and dyslipidemia. At this time, a “class effect” of atypical antipsychotics may not be assumed. Accordingly, symptoms of diabetes and laboratory values must be controlled regularly in all schizophrenic patients independent of antipsychotic treatment.

Schlüsselwörter

Schizophrenie - Antipsychotika - Diabetes mellitus - Dyslipidämie

Keywords

Schizophrenia - antipsychotics - diabetes mellitus - dyslipidemia

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