Adipogene Umweltfaktoren

Zusammenfassung

Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter ist weiterhin eine bedeutende Belastung für unsere Gesellschaft und Gesundheitssysteme. Präventions- und Behandlungsprogramme haben häufig das Problem, in edukativen Ansätzen, die soziale Ungleichheit in der Krankheitsverteilung zu verstärken. Basierend auf Übersichtsarbeiten haben wir solche Inter-ventionsansätze herausgearbeitet, welche einen Fokus auf umweltbezogene Modifikationen legen. Bespielhaft sind Anreize zu körperlicher Aktivität durch Verbesserung der Verkehrsinfrastuktur für Fußgänger und Radfahrer und Unterstützung ausgewogener Ernährung in Schulen zu nennen. Diese und andere Interventionen werden auf ihren potenziellen Nutzen hin untersucht. Bei insgesamt geringer Effektstärke auf den BMI sehen wir vor allem Vorteile für eine verteilungsgerechte Gesundheitsförderung, welche die sozioökonomischen Ursachen der Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter berücksichtigt.

Summary

Obesity among children and adolescents remains an important challenge for our health societies and health systems. Interventions focusing on educative measures have been shown to fail to reduce the socioeconomic differences in the distribution of mortality. In a review of reviews approach we identify strategies focusing on environmental change measures. Improvements on physical activity opportunities like upgraded pedestrian and cyclist infrastructure or support of healthy food in schools are examples. These and other interventions are evaluated for their possible benefit. Having in common relatively small effect sizes on BMI we see advantages mainly in the sense of equitable health promotion taking in account the socioeconomic causes of obesity among children and adolescents.

Schlüsselwörter

Adipositas - Prävention - Intervention - Verhältnisse - Setting - Review

Keywords

Obesity - adipogenic environment - prevention - intervention - review

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