Frühkindliche Karies

Zusammenfassung

Die frühkindliche Karies (Early Childhood Caries – ECC) ist eine besonders virulente Form der Karies, die die Kleinkinder bereits kurz nach dem Durchbruch ihrer Milchzähne befällt, wenn sie kariogene Getränke, insbesondere in der Nacht, frequent mit der Saugerflasche verabreicht bekommen und die Mundhygiene durch die Eltern vernachlässigt wird. Infolge der raschen Kariesprogression zeichnen sich für die Lebensqualität sowie die Allgemein- und Zahngesundheit des Kindes nachhaltig schädliche Auswirkungen ab. Da die Behandlung des Kleinkindes und die Beherrschung des Erkrankungsprozesses eine Herausforderung für den Zahnarzt darstellen, sollten die Kinder von ausgebildeten Kinderzahnärzten betreut werden. Als evidenzbasierte Präventionsmaßnahmen zur Vorbeugung einer ECC werden der Zahnarztbesuch nach Durchbruch des ersten Zahnes, tägliches Zähneputzen mit einer Fluoridzahnpaste, professionelle Applikation eines Fluoridlackes zweimal jährlich, Ernährungsberatung zur Unterbindung der frequenten Verabreichung süßer Getränke und Beratung zur Vermeidung einer frühen Keimtransmission empfohlen.

Summary

Early childhood caries (ECC) is a particularly virulent form of caries, attacking the toddlers soon after primary teeth eruption, if cariogenic drinks are frequently given with a baby bottle especially at night and tooth brushing by the parents is neglected. Consequences of the rapid caries progression may lead to lasting detrimental impact on children’s quality of life, general health and dental health. As dental treatment and the control of the disease process are a challenge for the dentists dental care should be provided by special trained and experienced paediatric dentists. Clinical evidence based recommendations for ECC prevention are the dental examination at the time of eruption of the first tooth, daily tooth brushing with a fluoride toothpaste, professional applications of fluoride varnish twice a year, dietary counselling for discouraging from frequent intake of sweet drinks and counselling for preventing early transmission of mutans streptococci.

Schlüsselwörter

Frühkindliche Karies - Milchzähne - Kleinkinder

Keywords

Early childhood caries - primary teeth - toddlers

• Literatur

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