Muskelund Nervenbiopsien

Zusammenfassung

Muskel- und Nervenbiopsien sind bedeutende Instrumente in der diagnostischen Aufarbeitung neuromuskulärer Krankheiten. Die histologischen, immunhistochemischen, elektronenmikroskopischen und molekularpathologischen Methoden zur Analyse dieser Biopsien sind in den letzten Jahrzehnten stetig weiterentwickelt und verbessert worden. Diese Entwicklung hat zusammen mit den Fortschritten der klinischen, elektrophysiologischen, laborchemischen und molekulargenetischen Methoden dazu beigetragen, dass neuromuskuläre Krankheiten wesentlich differenzierter diagnostiziert werden als noch vor wenigen Jahren. Die Indikation von Muskel- und Nervenbiopsien sollte besonders sorgfältig abgewogen werden, da es sich um rein diagnostische, nicht primär kurative, invasive Eingriffe handelt. Die Biopsien sollten ausschließlich von Personen entnommen und weiterverarbeitet werden, die in den anzuwendenden Techniken erfahren sind.

Summary

Muscle and nerve biopsies are important instruments in the diagnostic of neuromuscular diseases. The histological, immunohistochemical, electron microscopical and molecular pathological methods for these biopsies have made major advances during the last decades. Similar progress has been made in refining the clinical, electrophysiological, biochemical and molecular genetic methods applied.These developments have led to marked improvements in the diagnosis of neuromuscular diseases. Muscle and nerve biopsies are invasive, non-curative, purely diagnostic procedures. Therefore, their indication has to be discussed thoroughly in the special context of each individual case; biopsies should be performed and processed only by physicians and other technicians well-experienced in the complex procedures necessary to reach the optimal level of diagnostic information.

Schlüsselwörter

Muskelbiopsie - Nervenbiopsie - Indikation - Nutzen

Keywords

Muscle biopsy - nerve biopsy - indication - usefulness

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